Neck region cont (nerves lymph and triangles Flashcards
Where is the cervical plexus?
deep to SCM
What forms the cervical plexus? (remember superficial and deep branches)
by anterior rami of C1-4
Superficial branches: cutaneous innervation
Deep Branches: C1-C3 motor innervation, ansa cervicalis
Where does the lesser occipital nerve come from? what does it innervate?
It comes from C2 and innervates the skin of the neck and scalp behind EAR
The great auricular nerve comes fro C2-3 but what does it innervate?
skin orver parotid gland
sheath of the parotid gland
skin of the auricle
The suprascapular nerve innervates the skin across clavicles and shoulder to the second rib, but where does it come from?
From C3-C4
What makes up ansa cervicalis? What do they supply?
C1-3 combine to form the superior and inferior roots of ansa cervicalis, they supply the infrahyoid muscles
The hypoglossal nerve has cell bodies in the _____ the nerve exits through the ______ canal from the skull. It passes between the _____ artery and _____ vessels
Cell bodies in medulla
hypoglossal canal
external carodit artery and jugular vessel
Where does the hypoglossal nerve convey nerve fibers from that go to the hyoid muscles?
from C1 and C2
Does the hypoglossal nerve innervate the tongue?
yes, all parts except the palatoglossus
The Spinal Accessory nerve CN XI has cell bodies in the _____ horn of the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. Rootlets ascend into the cranial cavity via the _______ magnum. The two roots unite at the _____ foramen then separate. It descends alog the _____ and picks up sensory fibers from C2 and C3. It provides motor and sensory info to the ______ and ______ muscles
cell bodies in anteiror horn rootlets ascend via foramen magnum unite at the jugular foramen descends along ICA Provides motor/sensory info for sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Lymphatic vessels merge as they get closer to the
heart
What do the right and thoracic lymphatic trunk/duct do?
Right: drains upper right quadrant
Thoracic duct: drains remander of body
BOTH enter into subclavian vein at t he junction of IJV
What do right and left JUGULAR trunks drain?
lymph from the head and neck
What do the right and left SUBCLAVIAN trunks drain?
drain lymph from upper extremities
What are the components of the lymphatic drainage of the head and neck?
Superficial nodes of head
Superficial cervical nodes along external jugular vein
Deep cervical nodes along internal jugular vein
What are the superficial lymph nodes around the head:
occipital mastoid pre auricular and parotid submandibular submental
What do occipital nodes drain?
drain posterior scalp and neck
what do Mastoid nodes drain?
drain posterolateral half of scalp
what do pre auricular and parotid nodes drain?
anteriolateral scalp, upper half of face
what do submandibular nodes drain?
follows facial vein drainage, anterior face, gingiva, teeth, tongue
what do the submental nodes drain?
lower lip, chin, floor of mouth, tip of tongue, and lower incisor teeth
Where are the superficial cervical lymph nodes and where do they send their lymph vessels?
They are found along the external jugular vein along surface of SCM they send lymph vessels towards deep cervical nodes
What are the deep cervical nodes? Where are they?
Jugulodigatric node
Jugulo-omohyoid node
they are divided into superior and inferior groups that form a chain on IJV
Where is the Jugulodigastric node?
superior at level of posterior digastric
Where is the jugulo-omohyoid node?
inferior to tendon of omohyoid muscle
Where do they lymph vessels of the pharynx drain to?
Retropharngeal nodes
Paratracheal nodes
Infrahyoid nodes
which all drain to deep cervical nodes
Lymph from the root of the tonge drains where?
superior deep cervical nodes (jugulodigastric)
Lymph from the medial body of tongue drains where?
To deep cervical nodes,
juguloomohyoid
LYmp from the right and left lateral parts of the tongue body drain where?
submandibular nodes
Lymph from the tip of the tongue and frenulum drain where?
Submental nodes
Where does lymph from teeth and gingiva drain?
Mainly to submandibular submental and deep cervical nodes
What divides the neck into the anterior and posterior triangles?
the SCM
What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
Posterior border of SCM
Anterior border of traps
Middle third of clavicle
What are the contents of the posterior triangle?
Accessory Nerve Cervical Plexus Brachial Plexus External jugular vein Subclavian artery/vein Suprascapular artery Cervical lymph nodes
What are the borders of the Anterior triangle
Anterior border of SCM
Inferior border of mandible
Midline of neck
The anterior triangle is divided into four smaller triangles, what are they?
Muscular triangle
Carotid triangle
Submandibular triangle
Submental Triangle
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?
Anterior border of SCM
SUPERIOR belly of omohyoid
Midline of neck (to hyoid)
What are the contents of the muscular triangle
Infrahyoid muscles
thyroid gland
parathyroid gland
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
Anterior border of SCM
SUPERIOR border of omohyoid
Posterior Digastric
What are the contents of the Carotid Triangle?
Carotid sheath Hypoglossal nerve Accessary nerve Ansa cervicalis Deep cervical lymph nodes
What are teh boundaries of the submandibular triangle?
Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric
Inferior border of the mandible
What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?
Submandibular gland Hypoglossal Nerve Submandibular lymph nodes nerve to mylohyoid Facial artery and vein
What are the borders of the Submental triangle?
Right and left anterior belly of digastric
hyoid bone
What are the contents of the submental triangle?
Submental lymph nodes and veins
