Roman Empire (27-420 AD)

Question 1

General Chronology

Answer 1

Early Empire 27BC-180AD Pax Romana
180-284 Upheaval
284-476 Late Empire

Question 2

Julio-Claudians

Answer 2

Tacitus and Suetonius talk about them. Trash talk like National Enquirer. Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero.

Question 3

Most August Caesar

Answer 3

27-14AD. 60–>28 legions. senate to 600. Senatorial and Imperial provinces. Finances and civil service. succession problems

Question 4

Tiberius

Answer 4

14-37, 54 years old at start. Capable administrator, but more military. bad with Senate. Paranoid, so he retired at Capri.

Question 5

Caligula

Answer 5

37-41. immature perv, shopping spree, “Little Boots.” Horse as consul. praetorian guard got rid of him

Question 6

Claudius

Answer 6

41-54. “Halting emperor.” cerebral palsy? super smart. returns good standing with senate. expands empire and bureaucracy. alimenta welfare. Married niece so Nero could rule, maybe killed by his family to rush that

Question 7

Nero

Answer 7

stoic tutor Seneca. mama’s boy. hated Christians (god dying, eating body and blood, citizens of different kingdom). 1st Peter. Suicide.

Question 8

Flavians

Answer 8

year of the three emperors in 69. Colosseum is flavian ampitheater. Vespasian, Titus, Domitian

Question 9

Vespasian

Answer 9

69-79. Titus destroyed temple during this reign

Question 10

Titus

Answer 10

arch dedicated to destroying temple in 78.. Destroyed Rome?

Question 11

Domitian

Answer 11

81-96. exiled John to Patmos, emperor during Revelation. Last emperor of NT. Was like Nero?

Question 12

Five good emperors

Answer 12

golden age. Josephus gives insight into Jewish and intertestamental things. 100 million people. 150k army. 150 senior officials. most wealth in east. Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius.

Question 13

Nerva

Answer 13

96-98

Question 14

Trajan

Answer 14

98-117. came from Spain, not from Rome; military leader, last great expander (Dacia/Romania), builds own forum across from Roman one with big pillar of military success.

Question 15

Hadrian

Answer 15

117-138. cousin of Trajan, travelling emperor, can’t know what you rule if you don’t see it; built wall in Britain, built palace, built pantheon

Question 16

Antoninus Pius

Answer 16

138-161. considered religiously pious, Gallic, possibly peak of Rome

Question 17

Marcus Aurelius

Answer 17

161-180–stoic Meditations and thoughts about being an emperor

Question 18

Commodus

Answer 18

(180-192) son of M.Aurelius is from movie gladiator, unworthy emperor, decline begins

Question 19

Septimius Severus

Answer 19

(193-211), arch at end of forum, N Africa origins?

Question 20

Barracks Emperors

Answer 20

(235-284) 26 emperors, 1 not violent death.
Issue- people flooding into Rome for welfare
Military generals, short reigns.

Question 21

persecutors of Barracks

Answer 21

Decius (249-251)
Valerian (253-260)
Aurelian (270-275) “restitutor orbis.”
Progressively grew worse.

Question 22

Diocletian (Dominate)

Answer 22

(284-305) from Dalmatia (East)–went to Rome only 1 time

Question 23

Tetrarchy

Answer 23

293–Senate becomes afterthought, only does Rome stuff
Diocletian over Galerius East
Maximian over Constantius West
4 prefectures, split into dioceses, split into provinces

Question 24

succession plan in dominate

Answer 24

Caesars replace Augusti in 305. Constantius dies from leukemia, so army wants Constantine. Maxentius thinks he should be caesar.

Question 25

Constantine

Answer 25

Edict of Toleration in 311 and Edict of Milan in 312. tolerates, then returns lands to Christians. Licinius (East) didn’t really agree, but whatever. 312 Battle of Milvian Bridge over Maxentius–in hoc signo vinces. not bapitzed until death

Question 26

united empire

Answer 26

324 Constantine defeats Licinius at Adrianople. moves capital to Constantinople.

Question 27

Council of Nicea

Answer 27

325, Nicene Creed, Arian controversy–Christ isn’t coequal “homosious” with God.

Question 28

Caesaropapism

Answer 28

What???