Hellenic Age/Classical Greece (500-330)

Question 1

Herodotus

Answer 1

484-425. “Father of History”.” Exaggerated stories about Greco-Persian Wars.

Question 2

Thucydides

Answer 2

460-400. father of scientific history, brags about Athens in “Peloponnesian Wars. (PSI 42)

Question 3

Xenophon

Answer 3

430-355. Anabysis– book about retreat from Persian Civil Wars with mercenaries. Also wrote Hellenica.

Question 4

Greco-Persian Wars (GPW)–cause

Answer 4

Persians are taking over Ionian coast of Asia minor, which is colonized by Greeks. 498 Greeks burn Sardis (end of royal road); 494 Persians burn Miletus.

Question 5

Why was Athens involved in GPW?

Answer 5

They sided with colonizing Greeks.

Question 6

GPW Phase 1

Answer 6

Darius I invaded Athens in 490. Marathon 26.2 north of Athens. Greeks win outnumbered 2-1 by surprise attack.

Question 7

Archons/Generals of Marathon

Answer 7

Callimachus and Militdes

Question 8

Runner of Marathon

Answer 8

Pheidippides

Question 9

GPW Phase 2

Answer 9

Xerces assembles in 481 in Sardis to invade. Has trouble bridging Hellespont (afraid of wet bois)

Question 10

Greek defense of Athens

Answer 10

two walls built by Themistocles to secure Athenian port, and they form the Hellenic leage

Question 11

Xerxes invasion

Answer 11

480 Thermopylae–only win by Persia. Salamis –Greeks beat thicc Persian ships in narrow straits near evacuated Athens.

Question 12

Themosticles plan

Answer 12

tells Persians to attack Greeks. Tells Greeks to stay in Salamis instead of falling back to Isthmus