Roles of organelles in transporting proteins by exocytosis

Question 1

STructure of ribosomes?

Answer 1

2/3 RNA and 1/3 protein. Non membrane bound and very small (but many).

Question 2

Function of ribosomes?

Answer 2

site of protein synthesis; amino acids are joined to form polypeptide chians.

Question 3

Proteins made within the ribosomes attached to the rough ER are usually…

Answer 3

transported to other cells

Question 4

Proteins made within ribosomes in the cytosol are usually…

Answer 4

used within the cell

Question 5

OVerall structure of ER?

Answer 5

interconnect system of membrane bound flattened channels.

Question 6

STructure of rough ER?

Answer 6

has ribosomes attached to surface

Question 7

Function of rough ER?

Answer 7

transports proteins to various sites (via its channels) and processes proteins by:
 Adding sugars to form glycoproteins
 Folding proteins into correct functional shape
 Assembling complex proteins by linking together polypeptide chains

Question 8

STructure of smooth ER?

Answer 8

lipid and steroid synthesis

Question 9

Function of transition vesicles?

Answer 9

transport proteins from the rough ER to the golgi apparatus

Question 10

Structure of golgi apparatus?

Answer 10

multilayered stacks of membrane bound channels, but not necessarily joined

Question 11

Function of golgi apparatus?

Answer 11

Receives proteins transported from rough ER in transition vesicles. Then concentrates and packages the proteins into secretory vesicles

Question 12

Function of secretory vesicles?

Answer 12

fuse with the plasma membrane, allowing the contents to be released into the cytosol.

Question 13

Flow chart of how proteins exit the cell?

Answer 13

Ribosomes in rough ER form proteins -> transition vesicle -> golgi apparatus -> secretory vesicles -> outside of cell

Question 14

the rRNA and protein parts of a ribosome are aka

Answer 14

large subunit and small subunit

Question 15

Define: organelle

Answer 15

specialised subunits within a cell with a specific function.