Nucleic acids

Question 1

Define: polymer

Answer 1

molecules made up of smaller subunits

Question 2

Define: monomer

Answer 2

the subunits

Question 3

How are polymers made?

Answer 3

Through condensation polymerisation reactions, in which monomers are joined and a h20 molecule is released.

Question 4

4 main types of organic molecules?

Answer 4

Carbs, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins

Question 5

Which macromolecule isn’t polymer?

Answer 5

Lipids

Question 6

Define: nucleic acid

Answer 6

information molecules that encode instructions for the synthesis of proteins in cells

Question 7

Subunit of nucleic acid?

Answer 7

nucleotides

Question 8

What are the 3 parts of nucleic acids?

Answer 8

Nitrogenous base (A, T/U, G, C)
PENTOSE sugar (specific to RNA and DNA: deoxy(ribose)
Phosphate group

Question 9

How many hydrogen bonds between A U/T?

Answer 9

2

Question 10

How many hydrogen bonds between G/C?

Answer 10

3

Question 11

describe 3’/5’ ends

Answer 11

3’ end is upstream, and attaches to phosphate group of separate base
5’ end is downstream, and attaches to its OWN phosphate group.

Question 12

How do 2 nucleotides join?

Answer 12

Condensation polymerisation: phosphate group loses OH, sugar loses H. Forms the sugar-phosphate backbone.