Robert E Park; Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay; Albert Cohen; Walter Miller. Flashcards
Robert E. Park
done
Who was first person to come up with social disorganization?
Robert E Park
According to Robert E Park is social disorganization the cause of crime?
yes
Park observed his homogenous society, in Chicago, and saw little to no crime.
true
WASP
WHITE, ANGLO-SAXON, PROTESTANT
First source: WHAT creates this social disorganization?
internal migration (blacks fleeing the south)
Second source: What other factors create this destabilization
different culture, uncuthed, loud, all these differences create social disorganization.
Third source: entry of woman in workforce creates social disorganization.
true
Do kids running running around due to mom working create social disorganization?
yes
If you think negros, different cultures and woman are creating social disorganization it puts you on the left or right side of the spectrum?
right side
Is Robert A Park’s framework conservative?
yes
Why is Park’s theory conservative?
Because it blames immigrants, people of color, and woman for societies social disorganization, hence crime.
Why are woman really entering workforce?
husband isn’t making enough money
Park’s view thinks if your are different than you are inherently deviant?
yes
Bigot feels there something wrong if you are not similar.
true
According to Park “social disorganization” and deviants are correlated.
true
According to Park the presence of deviants is a sign of social disorganization.
true
Is this equation accurate according to Park:
deviant <=>social disorganization
yes
At the time American Society was thought of a “melting pot.”
true
Park says “melting pot” is a bad thing.
true
Park’s solution?
Assimilation; be like me!
Published 1942
yes
Were Durkheim and Lambroso Positivist?
yes
set out to find data to prove that social disorganization wasn’t true.
true
sought records of crimes committed (positivist)
true
map of Chicago, three sections
Loop, Inner City, Suburb
Clifford R. Shaw & Henry D McKay found inner-city with most crime, they concluded what?
Park was correct!
What is problem with theory?
selective enforcement
More crime in inner-city because law enforcement focuses its resources in that area.
true
Is same amount of crime occurring inner-city as suburb?
yes
Why no focal attention in suburbs?
thats where law makers live.
Do suburbs possibly have more crime?
yes, because they have more money.
Selective enforcement creates this data
true
What is causal mechanism of this phenomenon?
exposure of environment
far right is atavism?
yes
Its because they haven’t assimilated?
yes
Social disorganization is conservative and right wing.
true
Solution to Social Disorganization is ?
assimilation
Solution to Social Disorganization is ?
assimilation
Is Charity part of the solution of social disorganization?
yes
It isn’t that they are different but they could be deviants because they are surrounded by deviants.
true
Sub-cultural Theories (no single word name for these theories)
true
Robert Weide picked these because they contrast with each other. Are they early theories?
true; true
Sub-cultural theories have different theory as to why people commit crimes.
true
Atavism
born criminals
strain theory
opportunities
Cohen said, thats all wrong!
true
Cohen had only delinquent boy gangs - not organized crime.
true
Cohen did no research - wrote whole book on his perspective only.
true
Cohen said they hang out with wrong crowd.
true
Cohen said gangs have sub-culture
true
According to Cohen is kids are deviants because . . .?
they are with the wrong crowds.
sub-culture is the “opposite” of the conventional mainstream culture?
true
non-utilitarian, non strain, non malicious
true
Non-utilitarian: All human behavior is rational - pain vs pleasure
Cohen
Feels good to be bad
true;
They rebel in being negative or “opposite” of what your supposed to do.
true
Satisfaction in doing “opposite”
true
Short-run delinquents
You enjoy all of life’s fruit “right now” who cares about the future.
one aspect of delinquent sub-culture encourages what?
coming up now, who care about tomorrow.
Group autonomy ?
general aversion; hate authoritative figure; hate restrain;
According to sub-culture kids running amok are the cool kids.
true
Why do they create these sub-cultures?
not everyone could live up to cultural conventional values.
There are societal gate-keepers, who?
teachers, coaches, parents.
sub-culture creates a system where status could be achieved.
true
sub-culture is an alternative to main stream expectations.
true
sub-culture is like strain theory
true
how does sub-culture and strain theory differ?
sub-culture is “social status” achievement;
strain theory is “money” achievement.
Walter B. Miller 1958 (three years after Cohen)
true
sociologist at this time are trying not to have bigot, misogynistic or racist theories.
true
Assigning blame to “lower class culture.”
Kind’a the same but uses euphemism.
What is difference between Cohen and Miller?
Miller said it isn’t that its the opposite of our culture its just different but not opposite.
Miller describes “lower class culture,” as “different.”
true
Miller says they are not doing the opposite, its not a response; it is merely a different culture altogether.
true
Miller has six “focal concerns.”
1-trouble; 2-toughness; 3-excitement; 4-autonomy; 5-fate; 6-smartness.
Trouble: Miller says there is no “shame” in getting in trouble.
true
lower-class culture is ashamed?
No, they are proud of “trouble.”
Toughness: Miller says higher status to “buff” people.
true
Toughness: Is machismo and masculinity, brave, and courageous
higher status in sub-culture
Toughness:Being feminine, scared, afraid.
bad thing in sub-culture.
Smartness: con, swindler, outrun cops.
good in sub-culture.
Smartness: coned, or swindled
bad in sub-culture
Smartness: con, swindler, outrun cops, equals
good in sub-culture.
Smartness: coned, or swindled equals
bad in sub-culture
Smartness: quick witted equals
good in sub-culture
Smartness: target of jokes equals
lower status position
Excitement: bored with one activity, need change of venue, high risk activity equals
true
Fate: being lucky equals
good luck in craps, cards, taging, etc (high status)
Autonomy: is basically the same as Cohen’s theory
yes
Autonomy: To be of external constraint & authority
lower-class culture do not like being told what to do, or depend on someone else.
sub-culture theories are about social status
true
Cohen: opposite VS Miller: different is all about
social status
TEST: What are Miller’s six focal concerns:
toughness, trouble, excitement, fate, smartness, autonomy.
TEST: Is Social Disorganization fundamentally (conservative) right or (liberal) left wing theory?
middle right wing
TEST: Does Atavism see criminals as fundamentally different from Noncriminals?
yes
TEST: Between Strain & Atavism which theory believes criminals are fundamentally different?
Atavism
TEST: Will ask you to compare theories to one another
Therefore, pick at least two differences from one theory to the next. And pick theories that are completely contradictory as opposed to slightly different.
TEST: Which theory was Durkheim responding to normal & pathological?
Atavism
TEST: Are some tests questions about a specific reading or theory?
yes
TEST: Are some test questions about Compare or Contrast on theories?
yes
TEST: Which three people wrote about Anomie, Strain, and Opportunity Structures:
Anomie: Emily Durkheim; Strain: Robert K Park; Opportunity Structures: Richard A. Cloward & Lloyd E. Ohlin
TEST: Are most of the test questions by Theorist’s names or Theory Title?
Yes, theorist’s name, otherwise answer would be given away in the multiple choice answer.
TEST: Memorize names to theory, which are grouped together and which are close together.
true
TEST: Memorize which “article they wrote.”
Yes
TEST: Memorize which authors are grouped together.
Yes
TEST: Memorize syllabus
Yes
The End
done
