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Early Conceptions of Criminal Justice > Robert E Park; Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay; Albert Cohen; Walter Miller. > Flashcards

Robert E Park; Clifford Shaw & Henry McKay; Albert Cohen; Walter Miller. Flashcards

1
Q

Robert E. Park

A

done

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2
Q

Who was first person to come up with social disorganization?

A

Robert E Park

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3
Q

According to Robert E Park is social disorganization the cause of crime?

A

yes

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4
Q

Park observed his homogenous society, in Chicago, and saw little to no crime.

A

true

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5
Q

WASP

A

WHITE, ANGLO-SAXON, PROTESTANT

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6
Q

First source: WHAT creates this social disorganization?

A

internal migration (blacks fleeing the south)

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7
Q

Second source: What other factors create this destabilization

A

different culture, uncuthed, loud, all these differences create social disorganization.

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8
Q

Third source: entry of woman in workforce creates social disorganization.

A

true

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9
Q

Do kids running running around due to mom working create social disorganization?

A

yes

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10
Q

If you think negros, different cultures and woman are creating social disorganization it puts you on the left or right side of the spectrum?

A

right side

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11
Q

Is Robert A Park’s framework conservative?

A

yes

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12
Q

Why is Park’s theory conservative?

A

Because it blames immigrants, people of color, and woman for societies social disorganization, hence crime.

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13
Q

Why are woman really entering workforce?

A

husband isn’t making enough money

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14
Q

Park’s view thinks if your are different than you are inherently deviant?

A

yes

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15
Q

Bigot feels there something wrong if you are not similar.

A

true

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16
Q

According to Park “social disorganization” and deviants are correlated.

A

true

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17
Q

According to Park the presence of deviants is a sign of social disorganization.

A

true

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18
Q

Is this equation accurate according to Park:

deviant <=>social disorganization

A

yes

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19
Q

At the time American Society was thought of a “melting pot.”

A

true

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20
Q

Park says “melting pot” is a bad thing.

A

true

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21
Q

Park’s solution?

A

Assimilation; be like me!

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22
Q

Published 1942

A

yes

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23
Q

Were Durkheim and Lambroso Positivist?

A

yes

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24
Q

set out to find data to prove that social disorganization wasn’t true.

A

true

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25
Q

sought records of crimes committed (positivist)

A

true

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26
Q

map of Chicago, three sections

A

Loop, Inner City, Suburb

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27
Q

Clifford R. Shaw & Henry D McKay found inner-city with most crime, they concluded what?

A

Park was correct!

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28
Q

What is problem with theory?

A

selective enforcement

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29
Q

More crime in inner-city because law enforcement focuses its resources in that area.

A

true

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30
Q

Is same amount of crime occurring inner-city as suburb?

A

yes

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31
Q

Why no focal attention in suburbs?

A

thats where law makers live.

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32
Q

Do suburbs possibly have more crime?

A

yes, because they have more money.

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33
Q

Selective enforcement creates this data

A

true

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34
Q

What is causal mechanism of this phenomenon?

A

exposure of environment

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35
Q

far right is atavism?

A

yes

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36
Q

Its because they haven’t assimilated?

A

yes

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37
Q

Social disorganization is conservative and right wing.

A

true

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38
Q

Solution to Social Disorganization is ?

A

assimilation

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39
Q

Solution to Social Disorganization is ?

A

assimilation

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40
Q

Is Charity part of the solution of social disorganization?

A

yes

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41
Q

It isn’t that they are different but they could be deviants because they are surrounded by deviants.

A

true

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42
Q

Sub-cultural Theories (no single word name for these theories)

A

true

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43
Q

Robert Weide picked these because they contrast with each other. Are they early theories?

A

true; true

44
Q

Sub-cultural theories have different theory as to why people commit crimes.

A

true

45
Q

Atavism

A

born criminals

46
Q

strain theory

A

opportunities

47
Q

Cohen said, thats all wrong!

A

true

48
Q

Cohen had only delinquent boy gangs - not organized crime.

A

true

49
Q

Cohen did no research - wrote whole book on his perspective only.

A

true

50
Q

Cohen said they hang out with wrong crowd.

A

true

51
Q

Cohen said gangs have sub-culture

A

true

52
Q

According to Cohen is kids are deviants because . . .?

A

they are with the wrong crowds.

53
Q

sub-culture is the “opposite” of the conventional mainstream culture?

A

true

54
Q

non-utilitarian, non strain, non malicious

A

true

55
Q

Non-utilitarian: All human behavior is rational - pain vs pleasure

A

Cohen

56
Q

Feels good to be bad

A

true;

57
Q

They rebel in being negative or “opposite” of what your supposed to do.

A

true

58
Q

Satisfaction in doing “opposite”

A

true

59
Q

Short-run delinquents

A

You enjoy all of life’s fruit “right now” who cares about the future.

60
Q

one aspect of delinquent sub-culture encourages what?

A

coming up now, who care about tomorrow.

61
Q

Group autonomy ?

A

general aversion; hate authoritative figure; hate restrain;

62
Q

According to sub-culture kids running amok are the cool kids.

A

true

63
Q

Why do they create these sub-cultures?

A

not everyone could live up to cultural conventional values.

64
Q

There are societal gate-keepers, who?

A

teachers, coaches, parents.

65
Q

sub-culture creates a system where status could be achieved.

A

true

66
Q

sub-culture is an alternative to main stream expectations.

A

true

67
Q

sub-culture is like strain theory

A

true

68
Q

how does sub-culture and strain theory differ?

A

sub-culture is “social status” achievement;

strain theory is “money” achievement.

69
Q

Walter B. Miller 1958 (three years after Cohen)

A

true

70
Q

sociologist at this time are trying not to have bigot, misogynistic or racist theories.

A

true

71
Q

Assigning blame to “lower class culture.”

A

Kind’a the same but uses euphemism.

72
Q

What is difference between Cohen and Miller?

A

Miller said it isn’t that its the opposite of our culture its just different but not opposite.

73
Q

Miller describes “lower class culture,” as “different.”

A

true

74
Q

Miller says they are not doing the opposite, its not a response; it is merely a different culture altogether.

A

true

75
Q

Miller has six “focal concerns.”

A

1-trouble; 2-toughness; 3-excitement; 4-autonomy; 5-fate; 6-smartness.

76
Q

Trouble: Miller says there is no “shame” in getting in trouble.

A

true

77
Q

lower-class culture is ashamed?

A

No, they are proud of “trouble.”

78
Q

Toughness: Miller says higher status to “buff” people.

A

true

79
Q

Toughness: Is machismo and masculinity, brave, and courageous

A

higher status in sub-culture

80
Q

Toughness:Being feminine, scared, afraid.

A

bad thing in sub-culture.

81
Q

Smartness: con, swindler, outrun cops.

A

good in sub-culture.

82
Q

Smartness: coned, or swindled

A

bad in sub-culture

83
Q

Smartness: con, swindler, outrun cops, equals

A

good in sub-culture.

84
Q

Smartness: coned, or swindled equals

A

bad in sub-culture

85
Q

Smartness: quick witted equals

A

good in sub-culture

86
Q

Smartness: target of jokes equals

A

lower status position

87
Q

Excitement: bored with one activity, need change of venue, high risk activity equals

A

true

88
Q

Fate: being lucky equals

A

good luck in craps, cards, taging, etc (high status)

89
Q

Autonomy: is basically the same as Cohen’s theory

A

yes

90
Q

Autonomy: To be of external constraint & authority

A

lower-class culture do not like being told what to do, or depend on someone else.

91
Q

sub-culture theories are about social status

A

true

92
Q

Cohen: opposite VS Miller: different is all about

A

social status

93
Q

TEST: What are Miller’s six focal concerns:

A

toughness, trouble, excitement, fate, smartness, autonomy.

94
Q

TEST: Is Social Disorganization fundamentally (conservative) right or (liberal) left wing theory?

A

middle right wing

95
Q

TEST: Does Atavism see criminals as fundamentally different from Noncriminals?

A

yes

96
Q

TEST: Between Strain & Atavism which theory believes criminals are fundamentally different?

A

Atavism

97
Q

TEST: Will ask you to compare theories to one another

A

Therefore, pick at least two differences from one theory to the next. And pick theories that are completely contradictory as opposed to slightly different.

98
Q

TEST: Which theory was Durkheim responding to normal & pathological?

A

Atavism

99
Q

TEST: Are some tests questions about a specific reading or theory?

A

yes

100
Q

TEST: Are some test questions about Compare or Contrast on theories?

A

yes

101
Q

TEST: Which three people wrote about Anomie, Strain, and Opportunity Structures:

A

Anomie: Emily Durkheim; Strain: Robert K Park; Opportunity Structures: Richard A. Cloward & Lloyd E. Ohlin

102
Q

TEST: Are most of the test questions by Theorist’s names or Theory Title?

A

Yes, theorist’s name, otherwise answer would be given away in the multiple choice answer.

103
Q

TEST: Memorize names to theory, which are grouped together and which are close together.

A

true

104
Q

TEST: Memorize which “article they wrote.”

A

Yes

105
Q

TEST: Memorize which authors are grouped together.

A

Yes

106
Q

TEST: Memorize syllabus

A

Yes

107
Q

The End

A

done

Early Conceptions of Criminal Justice (16 decks)

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