Bernard Harcourt (broken window "opponent") Flashcards
Empirical and Theoretical problems with broken windows
true
Empirical: only small sliver of population; was that one problem with their sample data? true or false
true
In broken window the sample population was only 60-70%
Broken windows is not representative of the population. true or false?
true
It wasn’t representative of the populous.
true
Harcourt found that robbery connection to disorder, only in?
bad neighborhoods
Do you need two witnesses in Newark for murder?
yes
Broken window theory used data from bad neighborhoods. Theories need to be true in all neighborhoods, not just bad neighborhoods. true or false?
true
Broken windows theory was falsely credited for New York’s reduction of crime. true or false
true
Yet, a reduction of crime in New York was declining, regardless of the broken window theory. true or false
true
In Los Angeles, the crime rate was declining before Bratton arrived with his broken window theory. true or false
true
Theoretical Problems is that it. . . ?
Segregates people into Orderly and Disorderly
forces cops to look at people as orderly vs disorderly
true or false?
true
how do they identify orderly people
smile at cops, go to police meetings, ride-alongs; familiar
How do they identify disorderly.
don’t smile at cops, do not relate to cops: unfamiliar
2 Jungle trop
Police who don’t know any hood culture are patrolling the streets of hoods. Automatically believe hoods are full of criminals - working class neighborhoods are inhospitable and its a frightening jungle. People who didn’t grow up in the hood (jungle trope)
Is there a connection between rape and disorder?
no
Does assault and burglary have a connection with societal disorder?
no
Is poverty related to assault and burglary?
yes
does robbery does have a connection to murder and disorder? Only in five highest murderous societies.
yes, but only in statistical outlier- only true in certain neighborhoods (cherry picking).
what is broken window major claim?
petty crime leads to major crimes.
3 creating a category of disorderly persons justifies police misconduct? true or false
true
4 marginalized communities (projects) are criminalized via selective enforcement. true or false
true
selective enforcement is an issue. true or false
true
privileged communities are ignored (selective enforcement) and not criminalized. true or false
true
In NY 60% of maintenance arrests are blacks. true or false
true
In NY population is 12% black. is there a disparity when compared to arrests? yes or no
yes
Are blacks five times more likely to get arrested vs whites?
yes
90% of stop & frisk victims are black and latino. true or false?
true
do white people have more illegal guns than black and latino?
yes
is a “stop & frisk” done to confiscate illegal guns. true or false?
true
Is law enforcement inherently bias via negative interaction? true or false
true
white people self report higher drug use and sales.
true or false?
true
law enforcement resources spent on minor crimes is a waste of time. true or false
true
resources should be spent on major crimes. true or false
true
broken window theory says minor crimes lead to major crimes. true or false
true
in reality is this true? yes or no
no
7 theoretical slip; define:
is that minor crime leads to minor crime.
does broken window theory say that minor crime leads to minor crime? yes or no
no; because this fact was established already.
Broken windows is taking credit for something that was established before the theory.
is it general knowledge that minor crime leads to minor crime?
yes
8 Zimbario study
car in south bronx and car palo alto study; both cars were vandalized.
Is the “Zimbario study” proof that disorderly and orderly people category is nonsense. true or false?
true
9 The broken window theory encourages control! true or false
true
Police is encouraged to search and hunt for guns or other contraband. Due to broken window theory. true or false
true
Police are encouraged by supervisors and police officers personally believe they are serving the community by believing that small crimes lead to major crimes. true or false
- true; although statistically it is wrong to think that small crimes leads to major crimes.
- no factual or empirical evidence that leads to believing that small crimes lead to major crimes.
- broken windows justifies police misconduct.
Which book did Travis Hirschi write?
“A control theory of delinquency”
Which four authors or proponents of the “Broken Windows Theory?”
Travis Hirschi
Michael Gottfredson
James Q. Wilson
George Kelling
Is Bernard Harcourt the opponent of Broken windows theory?
yes
Which book did Bernard Harcourt write?
Reflecting on Broken windows.
The two authors, who are proponents of broken window, who wrote a chapter together are:
James Q. Wilson and George Kelling
James Q. Wilson and George Kelling wrote a chapter titled?
Broken Windows
