Roaring Twenties --> WWII Flashcards

Question

Cash and Carry

Answer 1

Cash and carry was a policy by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21, 1939, The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents, as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation.However, the sale of war materials was not allowed.

Answer 2

authorized the president to transfer arms or any other defense materials for which Congress appropriated money to “the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States.”

Answer 3

attack on naval fleet in PH Hawaii, by Japan. Cause of US entering civil war

Answer 4

Arsenal of Democracy was a phrase used by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) to describe the United States as he tried to arouse popular support for sending military aid to nations fighting against the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan, among others) during World War II

Answer 5

the day (June 6, 1944) in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. Omaha Beach

Answer 6

penicillin, blood transfusions

Answer 7

Women's Auxiliary Corps--women participating in war (not on home front; see the vid we watched)

Answer 8

an image of a strong woman hard at work at an arms factory

Answer 9

5 black officers in army, naval only allowed black servers, but then during war, segregated units = 1mil blacks-not combat, though Truman desegregates

Answer 10

group of African-American military pilots who fought in World War II.

Answer 11

African American campaign--fighting for victory/freedom at home (segregation

Answer 12

Japanese-Americans put into camps out of fear Executive Order 9066--relocation camps, curfews More than 110,000 men, women, and children were rounded up. They had to sell their homes and possessions and leave their jobs. These citizens were placed in internment camps, areas where they were kept under guard. In these camps families lived in single rooms with little privacy. About two-thirds of the people sent to live in internment camps were Nisei Causes: Pearl Harbor & Japanese Victories ◻ American Anger at Japanese-Americans & Immigrants ◻ Military Concerns: West Coast ⬜ Espionage ⬜ Sabotage → Cultural ties to Japan → No proof of espionage or sabotage.

Answer 13

During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively

Answer 14

built roads, planted trees to stop soil erosion, and did other jobs. Millions of trees were planted to help prevent a future dustbowl.

Answer 15

a nation or person engaged in war or conflict, as recognized by international law.

Answer 16

Republican--laissez-faire to GD

Answer 17

govt does not interfere w economy

Answer 18

providing jobs and electricity to the rural Tennessee River Valley—an area that spans seven states in the South. The Tenessee Valley Authority was envisioned as a federally-owned electric utility and regional economic development agency. It still exists today as the nation’s largest public power provider.

Answer 19

(WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was the largest and most ambitious American New Deal agency, employing millions of people (mostly unskilled men) to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads.

Answer 20

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Answer 21

Great Britain, France the Soviet Union, US, china

Answer 22

migration of more than 5 million African Americans from the South to the North, Midwest and West. ``` 1.6 million → war plants West & North. ◻ RACE RELATIONS→ national issue. ◻ TENSION → ⬜ Employment ⬜ Housing ⬜ Segregated Facilities Hate strike-->20 k workers protested about working w blacks ```

Answer 23

``` DEMAND: • Equal employment opportunities in industry • Equal opportunity in Armed Forces end to segregation, national anti-lynching laws not good enough for equal pay, good enough to die at war? ``` THREAT: 1941 “Negro March on Washington”-->Philip Randolph labeled FDR antiDemocratic march threat scared FDR-->EO8802

Answer 24

Prohibited racial discrimination in the defense industry; (not yet gender) Fair Employment Practices Committee 1944>1 min blacks in factories

Answer 25

a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship. Many Japanese Americans argued that internment for racial reasons was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court, however, upheld internment throughout the war. "the need to protect against espionage outweighed the rights of Americans of Japanese descent, such as Korematsu"

Answer 26

1988: ⬜ U.S. government officially apologized ⬜ Approved the payment of reparations 20k to each camp survivor. ⬜ Army had altered evidence to make it appear that Japanese Americans posed a greater threat of spying and disloyalty. ⬜ Evidence of racial intent ◻ 1983: Korematsu’s original conviction overturned ◻ Korematsu v. U.S. (1944) not overturned

Answer 27

With so many men fighting overseas, the demand for women workers rose sharply. In 1940, before the United States get involved in WWII, about 14 million women worked – about 25% of the nation’s labor force. By 1945, that number had climbed to more than 19 million – roughly 30% of the nation’s labor force. Women worked in munitions factories, shipyards, and offices. Much of the nation welcomed the growing numbers of women into the workplace. The country promoted “Rosie the Riveter” – an image of a strong woman hard at work at an arms factory – as its cherished symbol for its new group of wage earners.

Answer 28

Under the guidance of the War Production Board, factories churned out materials for weapons around the clock. 60% of the Allied ammunition. The War Production Board put up posters expressing the urgency of the war on the factory floor.

Answer 29

Because the armed forces needed so many materials, some of the items Americans took for granted became scarce. To divide these scarce goods among its citizens, the government established a system of rationing. Under this system, families received a fixed amount of a certain item.

Answer 30

During World War II there was a campaign to encourage the use of homegrown foods. Because commercially canned goods were rationed, the Victory Garden became an indispensable source of food for the home front. The Victory Garden was a household activity during the war and one of the most well received of all home front chores.

Answer 31

- new jobs for minorities - >1 mil AA during war defense industry—>migrated to W and North for jobs - some has on paper equal rights - 46k Was came from reservations - also Hispanics/Mexicans Americans. all faced prejudice.

Answer 32

Japanese Americans born in the United States.

Answer 33

The Manhattan Project was the code name for the American-led effort to develop a functional atomic weapon during World War II. The controversial creation and eventual use of the atomic bomb engaged some of the world’s leading scientific minds, as well as the U.S. military—and most of the work was done in Los Alamos, New Mexico, not the borough of New York City for which it was originally named. The Manhattan Project was started in response to fears that German scientists had been working on a weapon using nuclear technology since the 1930s—and that Adolf Hitler was prepared to use it. significance of the Manhattan Project was that it put an end to WWII by using weapons of mass destruction and forced Japan to surrender.

Answer 34

They donated blood and got penicillin and got plasma ready