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Apparatus Tech material > Roadway Incidents manual > Flashcards

Roadway Incidents manual Flashcards

1
Q

What are the priority concerns of the IC operation at the scene of a highway incident?

A

Care of the injured, protection of the public, safety of the emergency responders, protection of the environment, and clearance of the traffic lanes

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2
Q

What are the primary objectives for any operation at the scene of a roadway incident?

A

Establish a safe working area to prevent injuries to workers
Provide EMS care and transport
Establish water supply
Protect the environment
Restore normal traffic flow
Keep as many traffic lanes open as possible
Preserve evidence for investigators
Use ICS/Unified command system to manage resources

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3
Q

What is one of the critical considerations for incidents requiring firefightings operations on a roadway?

A

Establishing a water supply officer early

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4
Q

What is the definition of advanced warning?

A

Notification procedures that advise approaching motorists to transition from normal driving status to that required by the temporary emergency traffic control measures ahead of them

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5
Q

What is the definition of block?

A

Positioning a fire department apparatus on an angle to the lanes of traffic creating a physical barrier between upstream traffic and the work area.

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6
Q

What is the definition of buffer space?

A

The distance or space between personnel and vehicles in the protected work area and nearby moving traffic.

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7
Q

What is the definition of downstream?

A

The direction that traffic is moving as it travels AWAY from the incident scene

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8
Q

What is the definition of incident space?

A

The protected work area at a vehicle-related roadway incident that is shielded by the block from apparatus and other emergency vehicles. Also commonly referred to as the work area.

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9
Q

What is the definition of taper?

A

The action of merging several lanes of moving traffic into fewer moving lanes

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10
Q

What is the definition of transition zone?

A

the lanes of a roadway within which approaching motorists change their speed and position to comply with the traffic control measures established at an incident scene.

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11
Q

What is the definition of Upstream?

A

The direction from which traffic is traveling AS VEHICLES APPROACH the incident scene.

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12
Q

What is the definition of work area?

A

AKA Incident space, the protected area at a vehicle-related roadway incident that is shielded by the block from apparatus and other emergency vehicles

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13
Q

Anyone exposed to traffic or to emergency vehicles and equipment within the incident scene shall have what on?

A

High-visibility safety apparel that meets ANSI/ISEA 107-2010

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14
Q

Who is responsible for situational awareness on the scene of roadway incidents?

A

All emergency responders

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15
Q

LCES stands for what?

A

Lookout, communicate, escape route, safety zones

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16
Q

What should be included to emergency incidents on limited access highways?

A

At least one unit traveling in each direction of the highway

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17
Q

How should units travel when responding together?

A

In a single file line

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18
Q

What should operators due when using the shoulder of a road?

A

Reduce speed with due regard for the safety of those around

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19
Q

What must drivers be aware of when using the shoulder of a roadway?

A 
road signs
debris
guard rails
oversized and stopped vehicles
standing water
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20
Q

When can “Authorized vehicles only” areas be used?

A

When apparatus can complete the turn without obstructing the flow of traffic in either travel direction, or when all traffic movement has stopped.

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21
Q

When can response on opposite flow access/egress ramps be used?

A

When the officer can confirm that oncoming traffic has been stopped and that no civilian vehicles will be encountered on the ramp

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22
Q

When can “U Turn” access points in jersey barriers be used?

A

Only when the situation is necessary for immediate lifesaving measures

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23
Q

Who is responsible for the proper spotting a placement of an apparatus?

A

The driver and the officer

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24
Q

Proper positioning of apparatus at scenes allows for other responding units too?

A

have easy access, the establishment of a safe working area, and helps to contribute to the overall operation

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25
Q

When the unit arrives on scene, the officer shall advise communication center of proper location using what?

A

North, South, east, west, and noting whether an incident is prior to or after a landmark, such as an exit

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26
Q

Travel lanes shall be identified how?

A

Inside lane, middle lane, outside lane. ( can be numbered starting from inside out)

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27
Q

Per figure 2, what is the length of the taper and buffer zones??

A

120’ taper, 80” buffer

28
Q

Where should the first arriving engine position on a roadway incident?

A

Prior to the incident (behind the incident based on flow of traffic)

29
Q

The first arriving engine shall provide what for the scene?

A

Shielding effect

30
Q

How should the engine be parked on the scene?

A

At an angle to the lanes, with the pump panel towards the work area, and front wheels rotated away from the incident, AKA “FEND OFF POSITION”

31
Q

How far away from the first operating unit should the blocking apparatus be parked?

A

at least 50 feet

32
Q

Where should the rescue company park on scene?

A

In front of the first engine company, in the most advantageous tactical position for extrication functions.

33
Q

If an engine is not on scene first, who takes the blocking position to shield the scenes members, patients, and witnesses?

A

The first arriving unit, the engine will take blocking position behind that unit when they arrive

34
Q

If primary blocking position will expose the engine to fire extension, where should it park and who takes blocking assignments?

A

The first engine may be placed beyond the fire and the second and possibly third engine will be placed between the incident and oncoming traffic.

35
Q

If an EMS unit is on scene without a suppression piece, where should they position?

A

In a driveway (preferred), or place cones to facilitate flow of traffic

36
Q

Where should suppression vehicles position when responding to EMS calls?

A

Behind the EMS unit as a shield

37
Q

What should the suppression driver do on the scene of EMS calls and when should the suppression piece leave an EMS call?

A

Place cones for the flow of traffic and they should wait on scene in position until the EMS unit has left to transport the patient.

38
Q

Prior to exiting apparatus, members shall?

A
  • Check to make sure that traffic has stopped in all travel lanes
  • Communicate with all members that traffic has come to a stop and it is safe to exit
  • Look down and in all directions to ensure that debris and/or hazards on the roadway will not become an obstacle that could result in personal injury.
39
Q

When should the engine operator place flares or traffic cones?

A

As soon as possible

40
Q

How long should a buffer space be?

A

80 feet

41
Q

How long should a taper space be and where does it start?

A

At least 40 feet downstream. Starts at the buffer zone.

42
Q

How long is each lane marker?

A

10 feet

43
Q

How much space is between each lane marker?

A

30 feet

44
Q

Roadways with speed limit over 55 should should have what kind of buffer zones and taper spaces?

A

Longer

45
Q

How should the person placing cones or flares position?

A

Always facing traffic

46
Q

When should directional arrows on apparatus be used?

A

Whenever feasible

47
Q

If having to channel traffic around a curve, hill, or ramp, the first cone should be placed where?

A

Prior to the hill or curve to warn oncoming traffic

48
Q

Except for the vehicles needed in the operation and for physical barrier, where should all other response vehicles park?

A

Together in a designated area, completely out of travel lanes.

49
Q

When an incident occurs during daylight hours with all involved off the highway lanes and on the shoulder, and traffic is congested and passing slowly, how should your lights be?

A

Flashing lights may be turned off but if they are, emergency flashers must be activated

50
Q

The first color to leave the spectrum in the dark is what?

A

Red

51
Q

Glare vision and recovery is what?

A

the amount of time required to recover from the effects of glare once a light source passes through the eye.

52
Q

From light to dark recovery takes how long?

A

6 seconds

53
Q

From dark to light recovery takes how long?

A

3 seconds

54
Q

At 50 MPH how far can you travel in one second?

A

75 feet

55
Q

If not needed to illuminate the scene, what should be turned off when parked?

A

Headlights

56
Q

At how many car lengths away will a driver be completely blinded when driving towards a car with headlights?

A

2 1/2

57
Q

What is the best combination for maximum night visibility?

A 
Red warning lights on
Headlights OFF
Fog lights OFF
Pump panel lights on
Spot lights on rear and front on and directed to a cone
Traffic directional board operating
58
Q

One minute of stopped traffic causes an additional how long delay in travel?

A

4 minute

59
Q

What is a level 1 “minor” incident?

A

Impact to the traveled roadway is estimated to be less than 30 minutes with no lane blockage or with minor lane blockage.

60
Q

What is a level 2 “Intermediate” incident?

A

Impact to the traveled roadway is estimated to be between 30 minutes and 2 hours with lane blockage, but not full closure of roadway

61
Q

What is a level 3 “Major” incident?

A

Impact to the traveled roadway is estimated to be over 2 hours OR the roadway is closed in any single direction; Significant area-wide congestion is expected.

62
Q

True or false, it is ok to take partial lanes?

A

FALSE

63
Q

What is the first step to providing safety of working crews on a roadway scene?

A

Proper positioning.

64
Q

True or false, traffic can come around both sides of an incident?

A

FALSE

65
Q

Operations on a roadway should always be started in what mode?

A

Defensively

Apparatus Tech material (14 decks)

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