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Apparatus Tech material > High Rise Manual > Flashcards

High Rise Manual Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a highrise?

A

six or more stories or a building where the highest occupied story/floor is greater than 75 feet from the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.

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2
Q

What type of construction are most high rises composed of?

A

Fire resistive

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3
Q

What are the two design types of modern highrises?

A

Residential and commercial

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4
Q

What is one of the main characteristics of a residential high rise?

A

center hallways

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5
Q

What is one of the main characteristics of a commercial high rise

A

center-core hallway

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6
Q

High rise buildings constructed before 1976 typically dont have what?

A

Sprinklers, fire control rooms, modern fire alarms, or elevator control systems

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7
Q

High rise constructed after 1976 are required to have what class standpipe system?

A

Class III which have 2 1/2 inches in diameter and 1 1/2 inch reducer

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8
Q

Fire walls in high rises are typically gypsum or masonry, at a minimum how long should they last?

A

Two hours

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9
Q

Due to the way curtain walls are mounted to floors of a highrise, how large of gaps can be between the floor and exterior walls?

A

6 to 12 inches

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10
Q

How much lighter (percentage range) is lightweight concrete compared to traditional concrete?

A

10-88%

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11
Q

Traditional concrete has a density range of what?

A

150 pounds per cubic foot

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12
Q

Lightweight concrete has a density range of what?

A

60-100 pounds per cubic foot

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13
Q

Super lightweight concrete has a density range of what?

A

Less than 60 pounds pcf

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14
Q

High rise windows typically cannot be broken out, the ones that can typically have what marking?

A

a Maltese cross or fire helmet etched in the lower corner

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15
Q

Doors into an office or apartment are inward swinging,, outward swinging doors indicate what kind of rooms?

A

electric or telephone, or some type of closet

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16
Q

Doors from hallways to stairwells swing which way?

A

Into the stairwells

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17
Q

What are unique characteristics of isolated stairs

A

Usually have individual entrances and access only one section of the building

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18
Q

What are scissor stairs?

A

independent stairwell on either side of the core, typically one side services even floors and the other serves odd floors.

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19
Q

What are accommodation stairs, also known as access or convenience stairs?

A

Open, unprotected stairways leading from floor to floor within a single occupant space

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20
Q

Generally (after 1976) how close should a hydrant be from a standpipe and sprinkler FDC?

A

100 feet

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21
Q

Which is the preferred riser to use in a high rise, stairwell or hallway?

A

Stairwell

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22
Q

Fire pumps designed to supplement incoming domestic water pressure are typically what type of pump?

A

Centrifugal

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23
Q

Generally, where are elevator control rooms located?

A

Top of the elevator shaft, shorter buildings may have hydraulic elevators

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24
Q

What elevator service will the car doors automatically open when arriving to the floor?

A

Independent

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25
Q

Should freight elevators be used in emergencies?

A

No

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26
Q

In firefighter service, will doors automatically open when arriving to the floor?

A

No, the button has to be held/activated

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27
Q

What does a fire control room contain?

A

any system in a high-rise where detection, fire protection, air handling, and communications are centralized

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28
Q

Fire control rooms are typically located where?

A

Near or at the main lobby, typically at an outside wall

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29
Q

Public address systems are designed to allow fire control room to communicate with what?

A

Any single floor, combination of floors, the entire building, or tenant space exceeding 1000 sq ft and all dwelling units

30
Q

If more than two floors above the fire still contain occupants, what must be established?

A

A search and evacuation branch with a chief officer in charge

31
Q

What is mushrooming?

A

Typical smoke movement found in residential and commercial structures without impact from environmental conditions. Smoke rises upward til it hits the ceiling then banks off and falls down toward fire floor

32
Q

What is the stack effect?

A

natural movement of air within a relatively tightly-sealed building due to the temperature difference between the air on the inside and outside of the structure.

33
Q

What is stratification?

A

Smoke rising until the temperatures balance at which point it begins to settle

34
Q

What are the five conditions that must exist for a wind driven fire to occur?

A
  • Fire in the structure
  • Failed or open window to the outside in the fire apartment
  • Presence of wind on the exterior of the structure
  • Failed or open door to area/apartment leading into a common hallway
  • Unobstructed path to an outlet for the fire to vent
35
Q

How often does the fire size double due to contents in the buildings?

A

every 90 seconds

36
Q

What size is a dumpster drainage outlet?

A

1 1/2 inch

37
Q

For buildings under construction, where must the closest operation riser be found?

A

Two floors below the finished floor

38
Q

Operation plans for high rise consist of five basic points:

A

1) determine fire floor
2) verify fire floor
3) control occupants
4) control of building system
5) confine and extinguish the fire

39
Q

What systems, at a minimum, must be brought under fire department control in a high rise fire?

A

Elevators, fire pump, and any air handling system

40
Q

Fire load in general office space in a high rise is typically what?

A

7.7 pounds per square foot

41
Q

Fire load in conference room in a high rise is typically what?

A

5.9 pounds psf

42
Q

Fire load in a file area in a high rise is typically what?

A

16 pounds psf

43
Q

Whenever the stretch is made from the unit and not the stand pipe in a high rise, what is the first due engine drivers role?

A

stay with the pump rather than abandon the rig

44
Q

True/False: Stand pipe system must still be supplied, even if the lines are stretched off the rig?

A

True

45
Q

Fire load of residential high rises is low and requires __ gpm per ___ square foot of involved area

A

10, 100

46
Q

Fire load in commercial high rises is considered moderate and requires __ gpm per ___ square foot

A

20, 100

47
Q

A vehicle fire in a parking garage attached to a high rise is treated like what kind of fire?

A

High rise fire

48
Q

Minimum initial alarm for high rise fire:

A 
5 engines
2 trucks
1 rescue
1 EMS
2 BC
1 Command aid
1 EMS sup
49
Q

First due engines responsibilities:

A
  • Park so not to block access from other units
  • Abandon rig
  • Report to the reported fire floor with first due truck/rescue*** proceed alone if delay in truck/rescue
50
Q

How many floors below should companies stop and use stairs for remainder of ascent?

A

2 floors

51
Q

Whats the limit on number of companies in an elevator together?

A

2 companies

52
Q

Second due engine responsibilities?

A
  • Establish water supply, driver stays with rig
  • driver to stretch three inch or larger lines to the FDC
  • Officer should position at the standpipe outlet if the crews are paired together on one line
53
Q

Third due engine responsibilities?

A
  • Establish water to secondary FDC if present
  • *If no secondary FDC, driver enters with crew
  • View opposite side of structure
  • Proceed to floor above the fire and work with second truck company in checking for extension and for occupants
54
Q

Fourth due engine responsibilities?

A
  • Park away from structure
  • Entire crew proceed to attack stairwell one floor below the fire floor as the RIT. If fire is below grade, RIT stays outside IDLH but in close proximity
55
Q

Fifth due engine responsibilities?

A

Report directly to command post

Assume lobby control

56
Q

First due truck responsibilities?

A
  • Park on side alpha unless the fire location can readily be identified
  • The ladder should not be rasied or placed to a window or balcony showing fire unless there is someone at such a location in need of rescue or elevated master stream tactic is being used
  • Search the fire unit, exit hallway, and adjacent units and units across the hall from involved unit
57
Q

Second due truck responsibilities?

A

Proceed to the floor above and meet with third engine to search, force entry, and evacuate

58
Q

Rescue squad responsibilities?

A
  • Deploy tagline from attack stairwell
  • Force entry on adjacent units for search/possible alternative fire attack
  • coordinate evacuation
  • assessment of fire extension
59
Q

Every additional alarm brings what units?

A

At least three engines, one truck, and one battalion chief

60
Q

The sixth engine sets up what?

A

Base, the driver of the sixth engine becomes base officer, remaining members report to two floors below fire for staging.

61
Q

Lobby control is responsible for what?

A
  • Unit tracking and recording
  • Elevator operations
  • Building systems control
  • Stairwell identification
  • Coordination of civilian evacuation
62
Q

Crew 1 of lobby control consists of what and what are their responsibilities?

A

Officer and firefighter; unit tracking and recording

63
Q

Crew 2 is who and what are their responsibilities?

A

Left bucket firefighter; building system control

64
Q

Crew 3 is who and what are their responsibilities?

A

Driver; Elevator operations

65
Q

Staging is typically located where in a high-rise fire?

A

Two floors below the confined fire floor. To ensure clean air, monitor/meter should be present and working

66
Q

Marking system used in search:

A
  • X indicates search has been done
  • / indicates a crew has entered
  • After search is complete, the X is complete with what crew completed it
67
Q

When fire is active in a commercial high-rise, what type of ventilation is not to be used?

A

Horizontal

68
Q

Three basic types of ventilation in a high rise are?

A

Horizontal through windows
Vertical through stairwells
Use of buildings HVAC

69
Q

Which type of ventilation is least desirable?

A

Vertical ventilation through the elevator shaft

70
Q

Where are firefighters positioned for stairwell support?

A

One fire fighter every 2 floors at minimum

71
Q

Medical unit is for whom and located where?

A

For firefighters and located one floor below staging.

Apparatus Tech material (14 decks)

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