Road Policing & Sudden Death

Question 1

Road Policing

The Government’s Vision of Road to Zero is what … AND based on what strategy?

Answer 1

• Where no one is killed or seriously injured in road crashes
• Based on “Vision Zero”, a global movement

Question 2

Road Policing

The intermediate target towards achieving this vision of “Road to Zero” is what ? (Statistics)

Answer 2

• 40% reduction of deaths and serious injuries on our roads over next decade (until 2030)
• means - 750 fewer deaths, and 5600 fewer serious injuries

Question 3

Road Policing

“Road to Zero” - What are the Seven Guiding Principles … ?

Answer 3

Built from the “Safe System” approach
1. We promote good choices, but plan for mistakes
2. We design for human vulnerability
3. We strengthen all parts of the road transport system
4. We have a shared responsibility for improving road safety
5. Our actions are grounded in evidence and evaluated
6. Our road safety actions support health, wellbeing and liveable places
7. We make safety a critical decision-making priority

Question 4

Road Policing

“Road to Zero” - Five Focus Areas ?

Answer 4

1. Infrastructure improvements and speed management
2. Vehicle Safety
3. Work-related road safety
4. Road user choices
5. System management

Question 5

Road Policing - Measuring Success

“Road to Zero” - Measuring Success - For each of the five focus areas, the action plan sets out the specific intervention indicators that are relevant to the initial actions. What are they ? (3 topics)

Answer 5

Intervention indicators - Measure progress of specific action plan initiatives. They will be updated in each action plan to ensure they stay relevant.

Safety performance indicators – are what the government seeks to improve through successful program delivery. They are enduring and will be monitored throughout the duration of strategy

Outcome indicators – relate closely to the overarching goal. Like the safety performance indicators they are enduring and will be monitored throughout the duration of strategy.

Question 6

Road Policing - Road Policing Response

NZ Police ‘s purpose is to ensure everyone can be safe and feel safe on the roads and in our communities. To that end what are “Our Goals” (think Our Business) ?

Answer 6

Safe Homes
Safe Roads
Safe Communities

Question 7

Road Policing - Working in Partnership

“Road to Zero” - this was developed in partnership with which two other agencies?

Answer 7

• Te Manatu Waka - Ministry of Transport; AND
• Waka Kotahi - The New Zealand Transport Agency

Question 8

Road Policing - Strategy

What is New Zealand Police’s overarching framework (Strategy), to achieve our goal of Safe Roads?

Answer 8

The Safe Roads Control Strategy

Question 9

Road Policing

Road to Zero - 75% of funding is directed at who

Answer 9

RIDS and high risk drivers

Question 10

What is the IILM (Road Policing) ?

Answer 10

Integrated Intervention Logic Model

Question 11

Road to Zero - to enable delivery, what are the five “Critical Command Information” factors, ie: where are they sourced from ?

Answer 11

• Repeat Registrations Report
• Road Safety Partnership
• Tasking and Coordination
• Tools (OnDuty app)
• Local Stakeholder Partnerships

Question 12

Road to Zero - New performance measures will be monitored through SAS visual analytics and National Road Policing Safety Dashboard. Performance will be measured - how ?

Answer 12

Reducing Road deaths

NOTE: Will not be measured by “Outputs” … old data looked at Activity and Output, but output will not be considered a performance measure

Question 13

Road to Zero - What are the Overall principles in Fleeing Driver Events ? (8 things)

Answer 13

• All staff share responsibility to manage event safely as possible
• Report FDE and action taken. Investigation is viable alternative to pursuing
• Safety of Police, public, vehicle occupants (particularly C or YP, where they’ve been identified) takes priority over immediate apprehension of Fleeing driver
• Pursuit only possible if at least ONE of justifications in FD Framework are met
• Actions / Behaviour of Driver prior to Police presence must be given consideration for TENR and appropriate response
• Decisions to not pursue will be supported
• FDE to be reviewed in timely manner to manage H&S, Training, Systemic Issues and Lessons Learnt
• Staff may be Criminally liable if actions contravene legislation

Question 14

Road to Zero - Fleeing Driver events will be reviewed to determine whether the Police response to each Fleeing Driver Event was … what ? (Name the four points) ?

Answer 14

• Reasonable, Proportionate and Necessary
• Lawful
• Justified, considering all the circumstances
• Compliant with Police Instructions

Question 15

Road to Zero - Fleeing Drivers
What is the role of the Pursuit Controller ? (Comms)

Answer 15

• Is responsible for control and command of the pursuit
• Confirms the initial reason for signalling the driver to stop
• Directs abandonment where the initial reason for signalling to stop is not provided or unjustified

OR

• Ensures the pursuit acknowledgement has been given and acknowledged by the initiating unit
• Continuously performs own TENR risk assessment to assess risk associated with pursuit are justified
• Plans to resolve the pursuit as safely as possible and communicates this plan, and any subsequent revision of the plan

If resources allow:
* Ensures Secondary vehicle takes over pursuit commentary if initiating unit is single crewed
* Replaces unmarked vehicles with marked vehicles at earliest opportunity
* Replaces single crew unit with a two person unit as soon as practicable

• Limits the number of Police units following to no more than two, unless tactically appropriate
• Coordinates tactical units and options to resolve event safely, including ASU
• Monitors situation reports to ensure sufficient risk information is being provided to enable informed decision-making
• Directs abandonment of the pursuit when:
  
  • TENR risk assessment identifies risk of harm outweighs initial threat by the vehicle occupants and the need to immediately apprehend
  • Identity of driver becomes known and does not pose immediate threat, and likely can be safely apprehended later
  • Pursuing units have lost contact with fleeing driver
  • Sustained loss of communication with the pursuing units

Question 16

Road to Zero - Fleeing Drivers
After a fleeing driver event, what is the pursuit controllers responsibility ?

Answer 16

• Completes the emergency communication centre section of the Fleeing Driver notification, BEFORE the end of shift
• Debriefs with Emergency Communications Centre and District Staff to identify areas for improvement and reinforce good practice

Question 17

Road to Zero - Fleeing Drivers
Subsequent fleeing driver events post abandonment, when will this be allowed ?

Answer 17

Permission must be obtained from the pursuit controller before:
* Signalling the driver to stop
* And establish whether a pursuit would be possible if driver flees when signalled

• Permission will only be given in circumstances where at least one of the justifications in FD Framework are met
• If granted, Pursuit Controller must communicate clear plan and tactics to resolve FDE, should they fail to stop
• Any subsequent pursuit is a new event

Question 18

Road to Zero - Fleeing Drivers
Who can abandon a pursuit ?

Answer 18

• Lead or secondary Vehicle drivers or passengers
• Field supervisor
• Crew member of ASU (Eagle)
• Pursuit controller or Dispatcher

Question 19

Road to Zero - Fleeing Drivers

Who can authorise a Non-Compliant vehicle stop ?

Answer 19

Pursuit Controller or AOS or STG Commander, can authorise trained AOS/STG staff to conduct Non-Compliant vehicle stops

Can only be done where there is NO other timely, practical method of containing the Fleeing Driver or neutralising the threat

Question 20

Sudden Death
When can a Senior Sgt or above sign a COR30, when asked by Coroner under Sect. 43(2) - to release body inside 24 hrs ? (3 points)

Answer 20

Police to consider the following:
* Are Police satisfied a post-mortem is not required because there are NO potential crime concerns
* Not a question of whether police think cause of death CAN’T be ascertained in the absence of a post-mortem, as that is an issue for the Coroner
* If police refused to sign COR 30, there needs to be an evidential basis to support this refusal. This would effectively amount to evidence that the Coroner has not previously been provided with

Question 21

Sudden Death - Coroner cannot release the body until satisfied with identification of deceased

Identification of bodies should follow what hierarchy process ? (5 steps)

Answer 21

1. Visual identification
2. Fingerprints
3. Odontology (Dental)
4. Comparison identification process (DVI staff)
5. DNA

Question 22

Sudden Death
Media interest around circumstances of death in some cases may be high and persistent. It is the Coroner’s role to determine circumstances of death and therefore not appropriate for police to make a premature comment. What process should you follow when the media ask for comments ?

Answer 22

• Seek advice from the police media team
• Consult with the Responsible Coroner in cases when police wish to make a comment in relation to an active coronial investigation

Question 23

Fleeing Driver Events

Can a Pursuit Controller authorise a suitably trained AOS or STG member to perform a non-compliant vehicle stop ?

Answer 23

YES

Question 24

Fleeing Driver Framework

FDF sets out 2 potential justifications to initiate or continue a pursuit, either of which must be met. Name both

Answer 24

1. Based on threat posed by vehicle occupants, as determined by an officer’s PCA of the situation and subjects behaviour; OR
2. Based on seriousness of suspected offence committed by the vehicle occupants, and the risk of them committing ongoing offending, harm or victimisation (referred to as “offence-harm risk)