RoA - Topical

Question 1

Topical advantages

Answer 1

Avoids GI degradation and 1st pass metabolism
Non-invasive
Easy dose withdrawal (adverse effects)
Convenient: portable

Question 2

Topical disadvantages

Answer 2

Low skin permeability
Skin irritation
Difficult to determine dose accurately with current dosage form

Question 3

What is ointment

Answer 3

Greasy base

Low patient compliance

Question 4

What is lotion

Answer 4

Typically water based
Solution - single phase drug dissolved
Suspension - multi-phase solid dispersed
Emulsion - multi-phase, liquid in liquid

Question 5

What is a cream

Answer 5

Semi-solid emulsion

Longer residence time - good patient compliance

Question 6

What is a gel

Answer 6

May form film when dry

Question 7

What is foam ?

Answer 7

Gas in liquid. Drug in liquid

Question 8

HI at us spray

Answer 8

Rapid admin (even coverage on large SA)

Question 9

Patch

Answer 9

Enables accurate dosing

Question 10

Assessing drug transport (in vitro)

Answer 10

Human skin - (ethical dead bodies)
Animal skin (pig is closest)
Artificial membrane - cheap, safe, ethical and highly reproducible