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Microbiology Exam 3 > RNA viruses pt. 2 > Flashcards

RNA viruses pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Human Immunodeficiency virus

  • Transmission?
  • Disease?
  • Signs?
A
  • Sexual intercourse and blood
  • Acquired immunodificiency syndrome
  • Fatigue and more opportunistic infections
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2
Q

How does HIV infect cells? (steps)

A
  1. Phagocytosed by Dendritic cells
  2. Uses Reverse transcriptase molecule to make more
  3. Integrated into host DNA
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3
Q

What two things determine the extent of symptoms of AIDS?

A
  1. How much virus is present
  2. How many T-cells are present
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4
Q

What types of glycoprotein spikes does HIV have?

What is their purpose?

A

1) GP120
* Bind T-cell CCR5

GP41

  • Binds T-cell CD4
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5
Q

The capsid of HIV contains:

A

2 ssRNA molecules

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6
Q

What enzymes does HIV use?

A
  1. Protease= destroy proteins
  2. Integrase= for integration
  3. Reverse transcriptase= covert ssRNA to dsDNA
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7
Q

Once HIV dsDNA enters host nucleus, what does it do?

A
  1. Some integrates into host DNA
  2. Some make more ssRNA
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8
Q

What is new HIV ssRNA used for after replication?

A
  1. some made into viral proteins
  2. some made into new virions
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9
Q

What do these treatments for HIV do:

  1. NRTI
  2. NNRTI
A
  1. NRTI= Make fake nucleotides
  2. NNRTI= Binds reverse transcriptase
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10
Q

What do these HIV treatments do:

  1. Protease inhibitors
  2. Integrase inhibitors
  3. Fusion inhibitors
A
  1. Protease= Inhibits assembly and maturation
  2. Integrase= Inhibits viral DNA into host genome
  3. Fusion= Prevents docking with host receptor
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11
Q

Poliovirus

  • Transmission?
  • Disease
  • Treatment?
A
  • Ingesting contaminated food etc…
  • Polio
  • Injectible or live oral vaccine
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12
Q

How does Polio travel throughout the body?

What does it cause?

A
  • Binds to intestinal cells
  • Travels to CNS (neurotropic virus)

Causes Paralysis

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13
Q

Hepatitis A

Transmission?

Symptoms?

Treatment?

A
  • Oral-fecal route
  • Travels to liver and causes Jaundice and dark urine
  • Inactivated vaccine
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14
Q

Rhinovirus

  • Where does it survive best?
  • Disease?
  • Where does it survive in body?
A
  • Likes cooler nasal temp
  • Common cold
  • Incubates in respiratory epithelium
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15
Q

Why is there no cure for the common cold?

A
  • Too many different antigen knobs
  • Antibodies too big to access antigen pockets
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16
Q

Norovirus

  • Transmission
  • How many virus particles are needed for infection?
A
  • Oral-fecal route by contaminated water/shellfish
  • Only 20 virus particles
17
Q

What disease does Norovirus cause?

Symptoms?

A

Viral gastroenteritis

Vomiting, diarrhea

18
Q

Rotavirus

  • Transmission?
  • Disease?
  • Treatment?
A
  • Fecal contaminated food
  • Infant diarrhea
  • Live attenuated, oral vaccine

Microbiology Exam 3 (11 decks)

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