Medically Important DNA Viruses Flashcards
What are the genomes like for:
- Enveloped viruses
- Nonenveloped viruses
- Only double stranded
- Can be double or single stranded
Review: What makes up a (1)non-enveloped virion? (2)Enveloped?
- nucleocapsid + genome
- Nucleocapsid + genome + lipid membrane
Poxvirus
- Enveloped or non-?
- What is its target?
- Site of replication?
- symptoms?
- Enveloped (dsDNA)
- targets Epidermal cells
- replicates in cytoplasm
- cause eruptive skin pustules
Poxvirus: Variola virus
- disease
- how is it transmitted?
- how does it manifest?
- small pox
- inhaled droplets, contact with pustule liquid
- fever, rash, pustules
Poxvirus: Molluscum contagiosum
- transmitted?
- symptoms?
- direct contact with lesion
- small raised pinkish lesion with dimple (children 1-6)
Herpesvirus
- enveloped or non-?
- latent or acute?
- replicates where?
- dsDNA and enveloped
- latent, causing recurrent infection in times of stress
- replicates in nucleus and becomes episome (reside in nucleus and neurons)
Herpes Simplex virus(HSV) HSV1
- transmitted?
- symptoms
- Latency?
- direct facial contact
- creates lesions on oropharynx (cold sores)
- resides in trigeminal ganglion
HSV2
- transmitted?
- symptoms?
- Latency?
- sexual contact (direct)
- creates lesions on genitalia
- resides in sacral ganglion
Herpesvirus: Varicella zoster virus
- diseases (2)
- transmitted
- symptoms
- latency
- cure?
- chicken pox, later turn into shingles
- inhaled droplets or skin lesion fluid
- small itchy lesions
- stays in spinal ganglion
- live attenuated vaccine available
Herpesvirus: Cytomegalovirus
- diseases(2)
- transmitted
- latency?
- Congenital CMV
- CMV mononucleosis
- saliva, mucus, milk, urine, etc.
Remains latent in white blood cells
What are these types of CMV common in:
- Congenital CMV
- Mononucleosis
- Who does CMV infect
- What are the symptoms?
- Congenital- Affects newborns (can be fatal)
- Mononucleosis- Adults
- only affect immune deficient
- jaundice, enlarged organs
Herpesvirus: Epstein-Barr virus
- diseases
- transmitted
- latency
- Mono and Burkitt lymphoma
- direct oral contact or contact with saliva
targets epithelium of oropharynx, replicates in parotid gland -stays in B-cells*****
- What tissue does Epstein-Barr virus target?
- Where does it replicate?
- targets epithelium of oropharynx
- replicates in parotid gland
Hepatitis -infects
**-DNA or RNA virus (will be on test)
-transmitted -symptoms -vaccine?
- infects the liver
- HepB is the only DNA virus, A,C, and D are RNA****
- transmitted through sexual contact or contact with blood (IV/transfussion)
What are the symptoms of hepatitis?
Is there a cure?
- healthy person has no symptoms and develop immunity (liver regeneration*)
- HepB surface antigen vaccine available
Adenoviruses
- enveloped or non-?
- transmitted?
- targets
- non enveloped, dsDNA
- transmitted through respiratory and ocular secretions
- targets eye
What are the symptoms of Adenovirus?
Is there a cure?
- Respiratory infection and Conjunctivitis
- oral vaccine for military recruits, not public
Papillomavirus
- enveloped or non-?
- transmitted?
- targets
- dsDNA, non-enveloped
- direct contact with wart or fomite
- targets mucous membrane and skin
What are the symptoms of HPV?
Treatment?
- skin, feet, and genital warts (most common STD in US)
- 4 vaccines available made from viral receptors
Polyomaviruses (non-enveloped)
- 2 types named from patients
- transmitted?
- Diseases (2)
- JC and BK virus
- transmitted through urine and respiratory secretions
1. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
2. Renal transplant disease
What are the symptoms of:
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy -caused by JC, fatal -attacks brain cells
Parvovirus
- transmitted?
- targets
- disease
- transmitted through droplets
- targets erythrocytes, lyses RBC
- Erythema infectiosum: dangerous for someone that has blood disorder
