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Microbiology Exam 3 > Body system diseases pt.1 > Flashcards

Body system diseases pt.1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The outermost layer of skin is known as:

What type of cells are found here?

A

Epidermis

  • Dead cells, melanocytes, and keratin
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2
Q

The middle layer of skin is known as:

  • What is found here?
A

Dermis

Sebaceous glands, oil glands

Contains macrophages

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3
Q

Innermost layer of skin is known as:

  • What type of tissue is here?
A

subcutaneous layer

Fat and connective tissue

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4
Q

How do these skin defenses protect against infection:

  • Antimicrobial peptides
  • Sebaceous glands
A

AMP= + charge disrupts - charge of bacterial membranes

Sebaceous glands= Secretes sebum (toxic to pathogenic bacteria)

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5
Q

How do these skin defenses protect against infection:

  • Sweat
  • Lysozymes
A
  • Sweat=low pH and high salt
  • Lysozymes= break down peptidoglycan
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6
Q

Methicillin Resistant Staph Auereus (MRSA)

  • What body system does it affect?
  • What does it do/cause?
A
  • Skin
  • Hyalunronimidase digests connect tissue
  • Causes lesions around hair follicles
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7
Q

Cellulitis

  • What body system is affected?
  • What area of the body is most often affected?
  • What does it cause?
A
  • Skin
  • Typically affects lower leg area
  • Lymphangitis: Red lines leading away from area
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8
Q

Myonecrosis (C. perfringens)

  • How does it infect?
  • Where does it grow?
A
  • Endospores enter break in skin
  • Germinate in anaerobic areas
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9
Q

Myonecrosis (C. perfringens)

What does the bacteria release?

What are the symptoms?

A
  • Releases alpha toxin that ruptures RBC and destroys tissue
  • Blackened necrtoci skin
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10
Q

What is the difference between Chicken pox/shingles and Measles?

A

Chicken pox: Rash on trunk, not extremeties

Measles: Rash on trunk and extremeties

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11
Q

Warts are classified as:

A

Benign tumors of epithelial cells

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12
Q

What natural defenses does the eye have?

  • The eye is considered a ______ site:
A

Lysozymes and lactoferrin

  • ​Immune privelaged= Not many immune cells
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13
Q

Conjunctivitis:

  • What are the forms and symptoms?
A
  1. Neonatal: mother to fetus
  2. Bacteria: Milky discharge
  3. Viral: Clear discharge
  • Photophobia
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14
Q

Trachoma from C. trachomatis

  • Signs and symptoms
A
  • Begins as mild conjunctivitis
  • Develops milky pseudomembrane which leads to blindness
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15
Q

Keratitis (Herpesvirus)

Caused by:

Occurs when:

Causes:

A
  • Latent herpes infection that travels to eye
  • After trauma to eye
  • Leading cause of blindness
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16
Q

Meningitis

  • How to test?
  • Treatment?
  • Symptoms?
A
  • Lumbar puncture for CSF
  • Broad spectrum antibiotic
  • White blood cells in CSF
17
Q

Nisseria meningitides

  • What does it cause?
  • Releases:
  • What are the symtpoms?
A
  • Most severe form of meningitis
  • Releases endotoxin (WBC release cytokines)
  • Purple lesions called petechiae on appendages
18
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Disease:

Releases:

Commonly infects:

A
  • Community-acquired meningitis
  • Releases alpha-hemolysis that destroy brain cells
  • Alcoholics
19
Q

Coccidiodes immitis

  • Causes:
  • Morphology:
A
  • Fungal meningitis
  • Anthrospores inhaled into lungs;

Develop into sphereules

20
Q

Viral meningitis:

Severity compared to bacterial?

How common?

A
  • Less severe than bacterial
  • Most common cause of meningitis
21
Q
  • Streptococcus agalactiae
  • E. coli
  • Cronobacter sakazakii

a) all cause what disease?
b) How do they infect?

A

Neonatal meningitis

  1. Streptococcus agalactiae
    1. (at birth)
  2. E. coli
    1. (at birth)
  3. Cronobacter sakazakii
    1. (Contaminated baby formula)
22
Q

What is encephalitis?

A

Infammation of brain

23
Q
  • Nagleria fowleri
  • Acanthamoeba

A) What condition do they cause?

B) Type of microbe?

A

A) Encephalitis

B) both are ameobas

24
Q

Acute encephalitis

  • What causes it:
A
  • Always caused by viruses;
  1. Arbovirus
  2. Herpes
  3. JC virus
25
Q

Herpes virus

When does it cause encephalitis?

JC virus

When does it cause encephalitis?

A

Herpes

In newborns

JC virus

AIDS patients

Microbiology Exam 3 (11 decks)

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