RM3- Self-Report Methods, Quantitative and Qualitative Data

Question 1

self-report methods

Answer 1

forms of research where the participants give their own accounts and provide information about their own feelings, thoughts and behaviours on a topic

Question 2

what data do self-report methods gather?

Answer 2

quantitative and qualitative

Question 3

what type of data is easier to analyse

Answer 3

quantitative

Question 4

what type of data provides more detail

Answer 4

qualitative

Question 5

quantitative data

Answer 5

measure of values or amounts
-numerical

Question 6

qualitative data

Answer 6

data representing information and concepts collected through interviews, open questions and content analysis. It allows researchers to develop insights into the nature of subjective experiences, opinions and feelings.

Question 7

likert scale

Answer 7

a scale used to represent people’s attitudes to a topic

Question 8

investigator effects

Answer 8

occur when a researcher unintentionally or unconsciously influences the outcome of any research they are conducrting

Question 9

anonymity

Answer 9

condition of being anonymous

Question 10

population validity

Answer 10

the extent to which the sample can be generalised to similar and wider population

Question 11

replicabiltity

Answer 11

obtaining the same results if the experiment is repeated exactly in the same way with similar conditions and methods.

Question 12

reliability

Answer 12

the consistency of the findings or results of a psychology research study- staying the same?

Question 13

validity

Answer 13

the test measures are precisely what is aimed to be measured, so the data collected is accurate

Question 14

what are questionnaires?

Answer 14

involve providing participants with a written set of questions to complete

Question 15

evaluation points of questionnaires

Answer 15

1. little interaction between researcher and participant
   -less chance for demand characteristics or investigator bias
   -may be confusion amongst understanding questions
2. questions are fixed and the same
   -use standardisation, can be easily replicated to show reliability
   -doesn’t give flexibility into exploring something in more depth
3. can be given face-to-face, post or online
   -online is quicker, faster for responses and cheaper
   -post takes longer, effort and may not respond
   -face to face will not be misleading, risk of bias and investigator effects.

Question 16

what are the the two types of questions in questionnaires

Answer 16

open and closed

Question 17

what are open questions?

Answer 17

questions that allow for participants to answer in their own words
-likely to provide more quantitative data

Question 18

what are closed questions?

Answer 18

questions that require participants to select an answer form given options
-likely to provide more quantitative data

Question 19

what issue may arise if the questions are not easy to understand?

Answer 19

misinterpretation
-produce invalid answers
-responses may be irrelevant and inaccurate

Question 20

what issue may arise if the questions are leading?

Answer 20

invalid responses
-bias answers
-respondents answer in a way they think is expected/ desired.

Question 21

what issue may arise if participants work out the aim of the research?

Answer 21

demand characteristics
-affect validity of responses

to stop this use filler/ distractor questions