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Microbiology > Rickettsia > Flashcards

Rickettsia Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of organisms are Rickettsia?

A

-obligate intracellular bacteria

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2
Q

How are Rickesia Transmitted?

A
  • Arthropods - ticks, mites, lice, fleas. Except coxiella brunetti
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3
Q

What are all the organisms in the Rickettsia family that we care about?

A
  • R. Ricketssii, R. akari, R. tsutsugamushi, R. prowazekii, R. typhi, E. chaffeensis & E. ewingii, C. burnetti
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4
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Rickettsia organism?

A

-Enter through bite/abrasion –> endothelial cells, degrade phagosome by Phospholipase A, and replication in endothelial cells weakening vasculature (rash and hypovolemia).

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5
Q

What disease does R. rickettsii lead to?

What is the organism that transmits it?

A
  • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (SE US)

- Dog Tick - more confirmed causes in the summer

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6
Q

What is the classic presentation of the rash with rocky mountain spotted fever (R. Ricketsii)

A
  • fever chills headache, myalgia - 2 days later rash begins on hands and feet and spreads inwards to trunk. initially macular than petechial.
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7
Q

What is a diagnostic test for Rocky mountain spotted fever?

A
  • Weil-Felix (non-specific) and symptom presentation
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8
Q

What Rickettsialpox caused by?

Where is it most frequently found?

A
  • Rickettsia akari

- in Cities (NYC, Boston, Philly, Pittsburgh, Cleveland)

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9
Q

What is the vector for Rickettsia akari?

Presentation?

A
  • mouse, mite

- Initial red papule, flu-like illness w/ profuse sweating, photophobia; later rash on palms and soles

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10
Q

What is the major disease associated with R. prowazekii?

What is prowazekii transmitted by?

A
  • Epidemic Typhus

- human body louse (flying squirrel reservoirs)

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11
Q

What is the classic rash progression in Epidemic Typhus?

What is Recurrent Epidemic Typhus that can happen decades later?

A
  • Fever chills, headache, myalgia; later maculopapular rash on trunk that spreads to extremities
  • Brill Zinsser disease - milder
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12
Q

What is diagnostically significant about epidemic typhus?

A
  • Positive Weil-Felix test and symptoms
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13
Q

What is Endemic Typhus cause by?

What is it transmitted by?

A

R. typhi - symptoms are not that specific - tough to test on (fever, chills, headache, myalgia)
- rat flea

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14
Q

What causes Scrub Typhus?

Where are they found?

A
  • Orientia tsutsugamushi

- Asia, Australia, and pacific islands

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15
Q

What transmits Scrub Typhus?

A
  • Chiggers (mites are reservoir)
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16
Q

What is Ehrlichiosis an infection of?
Transmitted by?
Presentation?

A
  • WBC (monocytes and granulocytes)
  • Ticks
  • HME, HGE, and HGA the same
17
Q

What does E. chaffeensis infect?

What does E. ewingii infect?

A
  • monocytes –> human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME)

- Granulocytes–>hyman granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) - farmers, cowboys, butchers

18
Q

What needs to occur with anaplasma phagocytophilum?

A
  • coinfection with lyme disease
19
Q

Which has a higher rate of mortality and hospitalization in HME and HGE?

A
  • Mortality: HGE> HME

- Hospitalizations: HME > HGE **

20
Q

How does Ehrlichiosis protect against degradation ?

A
  • does not breakout of phagosome, inhibits fusion with lysosome and replicates within phagosome
21
Q

What 2 organisms contains morula?

A

Ehrlichia or Anaplasma in WBC vesicle

22
Q

What is Q fever caused by?

Where does the bacteria live in?

A
  • Coxiella burnetii

- inside acidic lysosomes - extremely stable

23
Q

How is it transmitted:

What profession is most at risk?

A

Inhalation of bacteria from goats, sheep, cattle, and cats

- Vets the number one risk factor

24
Q

What is a more unlikely path of transmission?

What differentiates this from Erchilosis?

A
  • ingestion of unpasteurized milk products

- No morula**

25
Q

During Q fever what are antibodies made against?

What is the acute Q fever stage like?

A
  • phase II antibodies are made during both the acute and chronic stages, while stage I antigens are made during the chronic Q fever (chronic q fever). **
  • respiratory, cardiovascular, GI, Neurological
26
Q

What is the Chronic Q fever stage like?

A
  • subacute endocarditis with negative cultures - fever, fatigue, dyspnea, and rash (atypical pneumonia)

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