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Microbiology > DNA Viruses > Flashcards

DNA Viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are all the DNA virus families?

A

1) parvovirus
2) Papovavirus
3) Adenovirus
4) Herpes Virus
5) Poxvirus
6) Hepadnavirus

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2
Q

Which of the DNA viruses are double stranded?

A
  • All except for the parvo virus
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3
Q

What is the main virus in the Parvovirus family?

What are this virus’s disease manifestations?

A
  • B19 - smallest and single stranded

- Erythema infectiosum AKA 5th disease AKA slapped cheek fever

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4
Q

What is the pathogenesis of B16 disorder?

What population is this disease most dangerous in?

A
  • targets erythroid precursors, follows a biphasic course (febrile–>symptomatic)
  • Chronic anemia patients are most atrisk for an aplastic crises (depletion of rbc precursors) and pregnant women –>cross the placenta
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5
Q

How is B19 transported?

What is the classical path of “Slapped cheek fever” in children?

A
  • via respiratory and oral secretions and across the placenta
  • Initially on the cheeks it spreads to the extremities.
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6
Q

What is the hallmark of B19 disease process in adults?

What does the B19 disease cause in pregnant women?

A
  • Arthralgia and arthritis

- hypoxic damage to the heart, liver, and other tissues leading to edema and hydrops fetalis and possibly still birth

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7
Q

What disease must B19 be differentiated from in pregnant women?

A

Rubella via IgM specific ELISA

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8
Q

What viruses are associated with Papovaviruses?

A
  • hyman papilloma virus, commmon warts, genital warts, and BK and JC viruses in the immmunocompromised.
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9
Q

What are the associated features of HPV?

What is the pathogenesis of HPV?

A
  • Plantar warts, flat and papillomatous warts, laryngeal papillomas, genital warts, and cervical cancer
  • Pathogenesis: enters through breaks in skin (warts) or mucous membranes (genital and oral papillomas)
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10
Q

How is HPV acquired?

What are the common symptoms?

A
  • Direct contact, sexcual contact, birth, chewing

- Common, plantar and flat warts, Laryngeal, Condylomata acuminata (genital warts)

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11
Q

What types of HPV present with condylomata acuminata?

What types of HPV are associated with cervical dysplasia?

A
  • HPV-6 and HPV-11

- HPV-16 and HPV-18 - cauliflower lesion

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12
Q

What are the diagnostic cells during a pap smear present in HPV?

A
  • Koilocytic cells
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13
Q

What patient population do BK and JC viruses occur in?

-Disease manifestions of BK viruses?

A
  • immunocompromised

- Hemorrhagic cystitis in renal and bone marrow transplant patients

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14
Q

What are the manifestions of JC viruses?

A
  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, degenerative disease of the brain
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15
Q

What cells do Adenoviridae invade?

How is Adenoviridae spread?

A
  • epithelial cells lining the oropharynx, respiratory, enteric
  • human to human transmission in classrooms or military via fecal/oral, fingers, fomites, swimming pools
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16
Q

What are the clinical syndromes of Adenovirus?

What is classic pathogenesis of adenovirus?

A
  • Pharyngitis, acute respiratory tract disease (cervical adenitis), Conjunctivitis (swimming pools)
  • pink eye (conjunctivitis) AND soar throat (pharyngitis)
17
Q

What are the viruses in the poxviruses family?

Whats unique about the size of the poxvirus?

A
  • Orthopox (smallpox) and molluscipox (molluscum contagiosum, org, and monkeypox)
  • Largest virus
18
Q

Where does the smallpox virus spread during first infection, second infection?

A

first infection: respiratory tract and disseminates via lymphatics–> viremia
second infection: infects all dermal tissues and internal organs

19
Q

How is smallpox contracted?

Where does viral DNA replicate?

A
  • respiratory route

- in the nucleus

20
Q

Where does the small pox virus replicate?

What are the differentiating features of small pox and chicken pox?

A
  • in the respiratory system
  • In small pox they are in the same stage and in chickenpox they are in different stages. In smallpox there is a higher concentration on the arms, legs, and face while in chickenpox there is a higher concentration on the thorax and abdomen.
21
Q

What animals do you get monkeypox from?

A
  • from prairie dogs - more benign
22
Q

What is the most common spread of molluscum contagiosum?

Where are nodules most common?

A
  • Spread by STD, wrestling

- Wart-like nodules on trunk, genitalia, and extremities

23
Q

What is diagnostic for mollluscum contagiosum?

A
  • cytoplasmic inclusions in epithelial cells
24
Q

What is the major virus in hepadnaviridae?

What occurs with the viral DNA once in?

A
  • Hepatitis B virus

- RNA gets reversed transcribed

25
Q

What is the pathogenesis of HBV?

A

Virus replicates in hepatocytes without causing damage initially, and copies of genome are integrated into hepatocytes (remain latent).

26
Q

What are the 2 ways to get Hep B?

What can Hep B lead to?

A
  • fecal/oral, STD, sharing needles.

- Primary hepatocellular carcinoma

27
Q

In HBV what stage does the patient have jaundice, dark urine, and pale stools?
In what HBV stage can liver damage occur?

A
  • Icteric stage

- in the Fulminant stage

28
Q

Why is HBV considered a type III hypersensitivity?

A
  • because of HBsAG and Ab in the acute stage
29
Q

What are the viruses in the Herpes family?

A

1) HSV-1
2) HSV-2
3) VZV
4) CMV
5) EBV

Microbiology (11 decks)

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