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Cardiorespiratory > Rhythm Disorders > Flashcards

Rhythm Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is sinus rhythm?

A

p wave followed by QRS (1:1)
rate is regular and normal
R-R interval is the same

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2
Q

What is sinus bradycardia?

A

p wave followed by QRS
rate is regular and slow
could be healthy, medication or vagal stimulation

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3
Q

What is sinus tachycardia?

A

p wave followed by QRS
rate is regular and fast
often physiological

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4
Q

What is sinus arrhythmia?

A

p wave followed by QRS
rate is irregular + normalish
RR interval varies with breathing cycle

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5
Q

What is atrial fibrillation?

A

oscillating baseline
irregular rhythm
slow rate
atria not necessary for cardiac cycle

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6
Q

The turbulent blood flow in atrial fibrillation can increase the risk of what?

A

clots

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7
Q

What is atrial flutter?

A

regular saw tooth pattern in baseline (II, III, avF)
atrial:ventricular beats at least 2:1 maybe more
saw tooth pattern not visible in all leads

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8
Q

What is 1st degree heart block?

A

prolonged PR interval
regular rhythm
most benign heart block but a progressive disease of aging

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9
Q

PR prolongation in 1st degree heart block is caused by?

A

slower AV conduction

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10
Q

What is 2nd degree heart block (Mobitz I)?

A

gradual prolongation of PR interval until beat skipped
most p waves followed by QRS
regularly irregular

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11
Q

Mobitz I also called? What is it caused by?

A

Wenckebach

diseased AV node

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12
Q

What is 2nd degree heart block (Mobitz II)?

A

p waves regular but only some followed by QRS
no PR prolongation
regularly irregular
can deteriorate quickly to 3rd degree

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13
Q

What is 3rd degree (complete) heart block?

A

P/QRS are regular but no relationship
p waves may be hidden in bigger vectors
truly non sinus rhythm

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14
Q

What is ventricular tachycardia?

A

hidden p waves
rate is regular and fast
can deteriorate into fibrillation (cardiac arrest)

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15
Q

Is ventricular tachycardia a shockable rhythm?

A

yes

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16
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation?

A

HR irregular and above 250bpm

heart cant generate an output

17
Q

Is ventricular fibrillation a shockable rhythm?

A

yes

18
Q

What is ST elevation?

A

p waves visible and always followed by QRS
regular rhythm
rate is normal
ST elevation >2mm above isoelectric line

19
Q

What is ST elevation caused by?

A

infarction (tissue death caused by hypoperfusion)

20
Q

What is ST depression?

A

p waves visible and always followed by QRS
regular rhythm
rate is normal
ST depressed >2mm below isoelectric line

21
Q

ST depression is caused by?

A

myocardial ischaemia (coronary insufficiency)

Cardiorespiratory (20 decks)

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