Rhone Valley Pt 6 - Viticulture and winemaking. Flashcards
How are vines trained in the S.Rhone?
Mostly gobelet to protect against the damaging Mistral winds. New vineyards if trellised use Guyot.
Why are trellised vineyards becoming common in S.Rhone?
The trellis system gives support against the winds, allows for better sun exposure, facilitates pruning and eliminates humidity build up in the canopy. They also allow machine harvest.
How are vines harvested in S.Rhone?
Trellised accomodate machine and gobelet must be handpicked.
Which AOC mandates hand harvesting in S.Rhone?
Beaumes de Venise AOC
Why is vine density different in S.Rhone compared to N.Rhone?
Vines are spaced more widely in the S.Rhone due to the depleted soil and lack of water.
Is irrigation permitted in S.Rhone?
Yes however a special request must be submitted and permission granted.
Why is there a water shortage problem in S.Rhone?
There is not consistent rainfall so drought can happen frequently. A major water transfer project is underway.
What effect has climate change had on viticulture in the S.Rhone?
- Average air temps have increased by 2.5F/1.4C over last century;
- Harvest is 15 days earlier;
- potential ABV higher by 0.6% and acidity 0.5g/l less.
How are S. Rhone producers attempting to combat climate change impact on the vineyards?
Moving up the hillsides.The warmer climate means they can plant at higher elevation and get cooler air and still achieve ripeness.
What other initiatives have been taken in the S.Rhone vineyards to push back harvest?
They are using misters and shade panels. This has pushed back harvest by 5 days.
What rootstock initiatives have been taken in the S.Rhone to combat heat stress and drought?
Grenache and Syrah are being used to develop disease-resistant crosses with later ripening curves and higher yields, as well as drought-resistant rootstocks.
What are the principal styles of wine in the S.Rhone?
Generally, dry white, red and fortified sweet VDNs.
What are the main fermenting vessels for white wines in S.Rhone?
Neutral Stainless steel or concrete. They are meant to be drunk within 2-4 years of production.
Which AOC of S.Rhone uses some oak ageing for white wines? Why?
Chateauneuf ages a small % in oak to add texture, depth of flavour and ageability.
How are red wines aged in S.Rhone?
Inox, beton, demi-muid or foudres as in the N.Rhone. It is not traditional to age S.Rhone wines in new oak barrels although some of Chateauneuf special cuvees are.
