Rheumatology

Question 1

Cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis

Answer 1

Heliotrope rash
V sign
Shawl sign
Mechanic’s hands
Gottron’s papules = pathognomonic = erythematous, violaceous, clumped papules over the extensor surfaces of the metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, elbows & knees

Question 2

Pathologic findings of Inclusion Body Myositis

Answer 2

Cytotoxic CD8-positive T lymphocytes invade the endomysium (within the fascicles); primary target is the myofibril itself
Rimmed vacuoles and inclusion bodies on light microscopy
Filamentous tubules on electron microscopy = highly specific

Question 3

Schober Test

Answer 3

Measures ability of a patient to flex the lower back