Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Leeds MBCHB Year 4 Peads > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

3 key features of inflammatory arthritis

A

Joint pain, swelling and stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Key feature of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Salmon pink rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis common name

A

Stills disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Typical features of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Salmon pink rash

Fevers, lymph nodes, weight loss, join pain and inflammation, splenomegaly, muscle pain, pleuritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Blood tests for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

AMA and RF normally negative

Raised inflammatory markers - CRP, ESR, platelets, ferritin

ESR low if macrophage activation syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Key complication of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Macrophage activation syndrome

Overactivation of immune system -> DIC -> non blanching rash/ anaemia, thrombocytopenia

LOW ESR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Key differentials for children with fevers for more than 5 days (non infective)? (4)

A

Kawasaki disease, stills disease, rheumatic fever, leukaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 types of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Systemic, polyarticular, oligoarticular, enthesitis related, juvenile psoriatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many joints does polyarticular and oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis effect

A

Polyarticular 5 or more

Oligoarticular 4 or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Signs and symptoms in polyarticular juvenile idopathic arthritis

A

5 or more joints with symmetrical arthritis.

Mild fever, anaemia, reduced growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

RA in children name

A

Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Condition associated with oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Anterior uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Oligoarticular JIA presentation

A

Commonly only effects 1 joint

Girls under 6 years

Anterior uveitis association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Enthesis definition

A

Point at which tendon inserts onto bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the name of the group of conditions: ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, IBD.

A

Seronegative spondyloarthropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gene mutation in majority of enthesitis related juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

HLA B27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How will patients with enthesitis related arthritis present

A

Tender palpation of entheses

Psoriasis, IBD, anterior uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Seronegative meaning

A

RF test negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

4 types of management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

NSAIDS
Steroids
DMARDS
Biologicals (tumour necrosis factor inhibitors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ehlers-danlos syndrome cause

A

Genetic defect in collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

4 types of EDS

A

Hypermobile (most common) - soft stretchy skin
Classical - remarkably stretchy skin, very smooth. Hernias, prolapses, MR, aortic root dilatation
Vascular - thin translucent skin. Vessels prone to rupture
Kyphoscoliotic - hypotonia and kyphoscoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Inheritance type of EDL

A

Autosomal dominant

Hypermobile (most common) is genetic but unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Scoring system for hyper mobility

A

Beighton score

Max of 9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypermobile EDS symptoms other than joint pain and hypermobility

A

Soft skin, easy brushing, GORD, IBS, PROM, incontinence, bleeding, autonomic dysfunction

POTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Other common genetic condition that causes hypermobility
Marfan syndrome - high arch palate, arachnodactyly and long arm span
26
Management of EDS
No cure Physio, good posture, moderate exercise
27
Rheumatology condition associated with POTS
EDS
28
Henoch Schonlein Purpura cause
IgA vasculitis Inflammation of skin, kidneys, and GIT from IgA deposits in blood vessels
29
Henoch Schonlein Purpura 4 features
Purpura Joint pain Abdominal pain Renal involvement
30
Child presents with purpura rash, joint pain, abdominal pain and deranged U&Es - DX?
Henoch Schonelin Purpura
31
5 differentials of non blanching rash
``` Menigococcal sepsis Henoch Schonlein Pupura Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Haemolytic uraemia syndrome (E Coli 0157) Leukaemia ```
32
Important test to do in children with hence schonlein purpura
Dipstick urine - 50% have renal involvement (IgA nephritis) 2+ protein -> nephrotic syndrome
33
Criteria for hence schonlein purpura diagnosis
EULAR/PRINTO/PRES criteria Pupura and one of: Abdominal pain, arthritis, IgA deposits, proteinuria
34
Kawasaki type of disease
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome Vasculitis
35
Kawasaki epidemiology
Boys under 5 Asian, Japanese and Korean children
36
Kawasaki disease key complication
Coronary artery aneurysm
37
Key features of Kawasaki disease
High fever for more than 5 days Widespread maculopapular rash and desquamation (skin peeling) Strawberry tongue, cracked lips, cervical lymphadenopathy, bilateral conjunctivitis
38
Key features of Kawasaki disease
High fever for more than 5 days Widespread maculopapular rash and desquamation (skin peeling) Strawberry tongue, cracked lips, cervical lymphadenopathy, bilateral conjunctivitis
39
What is desquamation and what Peads disease is it associated with
Peeling skin Kawasakis disease
40
Investigations in Kawasaki disease
FBC - anaemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis LFT - hypoalbuminemia and elevated LFTs Inflammatory markers (ESR) - raised Urinalysis - white cells without infection Echo - check for coronary artery pathology
41
3 phases to Kawasaki disease
Acute - 1 to 2 weeks child most unwell Subacute - 2 to 4 weeks desquamation and arthralgia. Risk of coronary artery pathology Convalescent - 2 to 4 weeks symptoms settle
42
Management of Kawasakis disease
High dose aspirin - reduce risk of thrombosis | IV immunoglobulins - reduce risk of coronary artery aneurysms
43
Why is aspirin not normally given to children
Risk of Reyes syndrome
44
Rheumatic fever type of disease
Autoimmune condition triggered by streptococcus bacteria. Antibodies against strep also target body tissues
45
Why is rheumatic fever uncommon in UK
Early treatment of streptococcus (group A beta-haemolytic - commonly pyogenes) that causes tonsillitis with antibiotics.
46
Most common bacteria to cause RF
Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes
47
Type of reaction in RF
Type 2 hypersensitivity
48
Timing between streptococcus infection and RF
2- 4 weeks
49
Most common infection 2-4 weeks before RF
Tonsilitis (strep pyogenes)
50
5 groups of symptoms in RF
Joint involvement - migratory arthritis (hot swollen large joints that move from one joint to another) Heart involvement - carditis (pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis), mitral valve disease, pericardial rub Skin involvement - subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum rash Firm painless nodules on extensor surfaces Nervous system - chorea (irregular, uncontrolled rapid movements on limbs)
51
Rash in RF
Erythema marginatum
52
Type of nervous system symptom in RF
Chorea - rapid, uncontrolled random movements on limbs
53
Type of joint problems in RF
Migratory arthritis - swelling in large joints moves from one to another
54
Are subcutaneous nodules painful in RF
NO
55
3 key investigations for RF
Throat swap for group A streptococcus ASO antibody ECG/ echo/ CXR for carditis
56
Criteria to diagnose RF
Jones criteria
57
Treatment of tonsillitis caused by streptococcus bacteria
Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days
58
Management of RF
NSAIDS - arthritis Aspirin and steroids - carditis Prophylactic abx - prevent further strep infections
59
Why do RF patients need abx prophylaxis
Further exposure -> ab production -> reoccurrence of RF
60
Complication of RF
Reoccurrence Mitral stenosis Chronic heart failure

Leeds MBCHB Year 4 Peads (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions