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MRCP 1 > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Osteopetrosis is a disorder of…

A

Osteoclast function

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2
Q

Osteopetrosis: features

A

Dense, thick bones prone to fractures

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3
Q

Osteopetrosis: bloods

A

Normal calcium, phosphate and ALP

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4
Q

Osteomalacia: causes (5)

A 
Vitamin D deficiency
CKD
Drug induced
Inherited
Liver cirrhosis
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5
Q

Osteomalacia: features

A

Bone pain
Fractures
Proximal myopathy

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6
Q

Osteomalacia: bloods

A

Low vitamin D
Low calcium and phosphate
Raised ALP

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7
Q

Osteomalacia: x-ray

A

Translucent bands

Looser’s zones

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8
Q

Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis: assoications

A

Anti-centromere antibodies

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9
Q

CREST syndrome

A 
Calcinosis
Raynaud's
Oesophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia
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10
Q

Diffuse cutaenous systemic sclerosis: associations

A

scl-70 antibodies

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11
Q

Scleroderma: features

A

tightening and fibrosis of skin

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12
Q

Scleroderma: features

A

ANA positive in 90%

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13
Q

Reactive arthritis: post dysentry

A

Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, Campylobacter

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14
Q

Reactive arthritis: post STI

A

Chlamydia

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15
Q

T score >-1.0

A

Normal

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16
Q

T score -1.0 to -2.5

A

Osteopenia

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17
Q

T score

A

Osteoporosis

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18
Q

Psoriatic arthritis: features

A

Symmetric polyarthritis
Asymmetrical oligoarthritis
DIP joint disease

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19
Q

Pseudogout: associations

A 
Haemochromatosis
Hyperparathyroid 
Low Mg and PO4
Acromegaly 
Wilson's
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20
Q

Pseudogout: aspiration

A

weakly positive birefringment rhomboid shaped crystals

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21
Q

Adhesive capsulitis: features

A

Weakened external rotation

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22
Q

Causes of AVN

A

Steroids
Chemo
Alcohol
Trauma

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23
Q

Collagen affected in osteogenesis imperfecta

A

type 1

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24
Q

Osteogenesis Imperfecta: features

A

Childhood
Fractures
Blue sclera
Deafness

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25
Q

Pain worse on wrist extension is..

A

Lateral epicondylitis

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26
Q

Pain worse on wrist flexion is…

A

Medial epicondylitis

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27
Q

De Quervain’s: what?

A

Inflammation of sheath containing extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus

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28
Q

De Quervain’s: features

A

Pain on radial side of wrist
Tenderness over radial styloid process
Abduction of thumb is painful

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29
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis: antibodies

A

Rheumatoid factor

ACPA

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30
Q

Dermatomyositis: what?

A

Inflammatory disorder causing symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness and skin lesions

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31
Q

Dermatomyositis: skin features

A 
Photosensitive rash 
Macular rash over back and shoulder
Helitrop rash in periorbital region
Gottron's papules
Mechanis hands
32
Q

Dermatomyositis: Ix

A

Elevated CK
EMG
ANA positive
anti-Mi 2 (specific)

33
Q

SLE: antibodies

A

ANA (99% positive)
anti-dsDNA
anti-Smith

34
Q

RA: X ray changes

A

Loss of joint space
Juxta-articular OP
Soft tissue swelling

35
Q

Paget’s: features

A

Bone pain

Isolated ALP raise

36
Q

Paget’s: Mx

A

Bisphosphonate

Calcitonin

37
Q

Polymyositis: what?

A

Inflammatory disorder causing symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness

38
Q

Polymyositis: features

A 
Proximal muscle weakness
Raynaud's
Respiratory muscle weakness
ILD
Dysphagia
39
Q

Antiphospholipid Sx: features

A 
VTE
Recurrent miscarraige
Livedo reticularis
Thrombocytopenia
Prolonged APTT
40
Q

Antibodies: RA

A

RhF

Anti-CCP

41
Q

Antibodies: SLE

A

ANA

dsDNA

42
Q

Antibodies: Dermatomysoitis/Polymyositis

A

Anti-Jo

43
Q

Antibodies: Limited scleroderma

A

anti-centromere

44
Q

Antibodies: Diffuse scleroderma

A

anti scl-70

45
Q

Antibodies: Sjogren’s Sx

A

Anto Ro
ANA
RhF

46
Q

Antibodies: microscopic polyangiitis

A

pANCA

47
Q

Antibodies: Wegner’s granulomatosis

A

cANCA

48
Q

New diagnosis of dermatomyositis requires investigation of…

A

cancer

49
Q

Langerhans cell histocytosis: features

A

bone pain
cutaneous nodules
recurrent otitis media
tennis racket-shaped Birbeck granules

50
Q

Leflunomide: contraception

A

2 years following cessation

51
Q

Sensory loss over anterior thigh
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

A

L3 palsy

52
Q

Sensory loss of anterior knee
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

A

L4 palsy

53
Q

Sensory loss on dorsum foot
Weakness in foot and hallux dorsiflexion
Relfexes in tact
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

A

L5 palsy

54
Q

Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral foot
Weakness in plantar flexion
Reduced ankle reflex
Positive sciatic nerve stretch test

A

S1 palsy

55
Q

Meralgia paraesthetica: lesions

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

56
Q

Raloxifene: MoA

A

Selective oestrogen receptor modulator

57
Q

Strontium ranelate: MoA

A

Increases deposition of new bone by osteoblasts

Reduces resorption of bone by inhibiting osteoclasts

58
Q

Denosumab

A

Human monoclonal antibody that inhibits RANK ligand

59
Q

Paget’s disease: features

A

Older male with bone pain and isolated raised ALP

60
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa: features

A 
Fever, malaise, arthralgia
Weight loss
HTN
Mononeuritis multiplex
Livedo reticularis
61
Q

cANCA target

A

Serine proteinase 3

62
Q

cANCA indicates

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

63
Q

pANCA target

A

myeloperoxidase

64
Q

pANCA associations

A

UC, PSC, anti-GBM, Crohn’s

65
Q

Drug induced Lupus: causes

A 
Procainamide
Hydralazine
Isonazid
Minocycline
Phenytoin
66
Q

Iliopsoas abscess: tests

A

Pain on hyperextension of hip

67
Q

Marfan’s: features

A 
Tall
High arched palate
Arachnodactyly
Pectus excavatum
Pes planus
Scoliosis
Aortic sinus dilatation
MV proplapse
Pneumothoraces
Upwards lens dislocation 
Blue sclera
Dural ectasia
68
Q

McArdle’s disease

A

AR type V glycogen storage disease

69
Q

McArdle’s disease: features

A

Muscle pain and stiffness following exercise
Cramps
Myoglobinuria
Low lactate during exercise

70
Q

Pseudogout: RF

A

Haemochromatosis
Hyperparathyroid
Low Mg, low PO4
Acromegaly, Wilson’s

71
Q

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: features

A

Retinal angioid streaks
Plucked chicken skin appearance
MV prolpase
GI haemorrhage

72
Q

Relapsing polychondritis: what?

A

Repeated episodes of inflammation and deterioration of cartilage

73
Q

Relapsing polychrondritis: features

A 
Aurricular chondritis, hearing loss, vertigo
Saddle nose deformity
Hoarseness, aphonia, wheezing, stridor
Episcleritis, scleritis
Arthralgia
74
Q

Etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab

A

TNF inhibitors

75
Q

Rituximab

A

Anti-CD20

76
Q

Still’s disease in adults: features

A

Arthralgia, elevated ferritin, salmon pink macular-papular rash, pyrexia, LN
Rf and ANA negative

77
Q

SLE: pregnancy

A

Congential heart block

Associated with anti-RO antibodies

MRCP 1 (16 decks)

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