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MRCP 1 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is pomphoylx?

A

Type of eczema affecting hands and feet

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2
Q

What exacerbates pomphoylx?

A

Humidity and high temperatures

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3
Q

Features of pompholyx

A

Small blisters on palms and soles

Pruritic

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4
Q

Management of pompholyx

A

Cool compress, emollients, topical steroids

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5
Q

What exacerbates psoriasis (4)?

A

Trauma,
Alcohol,
Drugs (beta blockers, lithium, antimalarials, NSAIDs and ACEi)
Withdrawal of systemic steroids

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6
Q

What is seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A

Chronic dermatitis caused by a fungal infection

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7
Q

Features of seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Eczematous lesions on sebum rich areas

Otitis externa and blepharitis

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8
Q

Associations of seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

HIV

Parkinson’s

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9
Q

Management of seborrhoeic dermatitis (scalp)

A

OTC zinc pyrithione
Ketoconazole
Topical steroids

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10
Q

Management of seborrhoeic dermatitis (face and body)

A

Topical antifungals

Topical steroids

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11
Q

SCC: RF (6)

A 
Excessive UV exposure
Actinic keratoses and Bowen's 
Immunosuppression
Smoking 
Chronic ulcers
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12
Q

SCC: Management (<20mm)

A

Surgical excision with 4mm margin

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13
Q

SCC: Management (>20mm)

A

Surgical excision with 6mm margin

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14
Q

SCC: management (high risk)

A

Mohs micrographic surgery

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15
Q

What is bullous pemphigoid?

A

Autoimmune condition causing sub-epidermal blistering of skin

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16
Q

Antibodies in bullous pemphigoid

A

Hemidesmosomal proteins

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17
Q

Bullous pemphogoid: features

A

Itchy tense blisters around flexures
Heal without scarring
No mucosal involvement

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18
Q

Bullous pemphogoid: biopsy

A

IgG and C3 at dermoepidermal junction

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19
Q

Bullous pemphogoid: Management

A

Oral corticosteroids

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20
Q

Defect in uroprophyyrinogen decarboxylase causes what?

A

porphyria cutanea tarda

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21
Q

Features of porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Photosensitive rash with blistering and skin fragility
Hypertrichosis
Hyperpigementation

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22
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda: investigations

A

Urine: uroporphyrinogen and pink fluorescence under Wood’s lamp

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23
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda: management

A

Chloroquine

Venesection

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24
Q

What is hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia?

A

AD condition with multiple telangiectasia over skin and mucous membranes

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25
Diagnostic criteria for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
1. epistaxis 2. telangiectases 3. visceral lesions (GI, pulmonary, hepatic, cerebral, spinal AVM) 4. FH
26
Pyoderma gangrenosum: features
Lower limbs Small red papule initially Later deep, red, necrotic ulcers with violaceous border
27
Pyoderma gangrenosum: causes
``` LIMPS Lymphomas Idiopathic, IBD Myeloproliferative disorders, Monocloncal gammopathy PBC SLE, RA ```
28
Pyoderma gangrenosum: management
PO steroids
29
What is erythema nodosum?
Tender, erythematous nodular lesions over shins
30
Causes of erythema nodosum
``` NODOSUM NO cause Drugs (penicillins, sulphonamides, COCP) OCP UC, Crohn's Behcets Micro (strep, TB) ```
31
Pretibial Myxodema
Symmetrical, erythematous lesions seen in Grave's | Shiny, orange peel skin
32
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
Shiny painless yellow/red skin typically in diabetics
33
SCC: features
Pearly, flesh coloured papule with telangeictasia
34
SCC: management
Removal, curettage, cryotherapy, topical creams, radiotherapy
35
What is systemic mastocytosis?
Results from neoplastic proliferation of mast cells
36
Features of systemic mastocytosis
Urticaria pigementosa (wheal on rubbing) Flushing Abdo pain Monocytosis
37
systemic mastocytosis diagnosis
raised serum tryptase levels | Urinary histamine
38
Keloid scars: RF
- dark skin | - young adults
39
Keloid scars: Mx
- Intra-lesional steroids | - Excision
40
Causes of hypertrichosis
- Drugs (minoxidil, ciclosporin, diazoxide) - Congenital - Porphyria cutaena tarda - Anorexia nervosa
41
Vitiligo: associations
T1DM, addison's, autoimmune thyroid, pernicious anaemia, alopecia areta
42
Keratoacanthoma: features
Smooth dome shaped papule | Grows to become a crater filled with keratin
43
Keratoacanthoma: management
Although benign should be urgent excised as hard to exclude SCC
44
Lichen planus: features
Itchy papular rash on palms, coles, genitalia and flexor surfaces White lace pattern on buccal mucosa
45
Causes of lichenoid drug eruptions
gold, quinine, thiazides
46
Lichen planus: management
Topical steroids
47
Acanthosis nigricans: features
Symmetrical, brown velvety plaques on neck, axilla and groin
48
Acanthosis nigricans: causes
T2DM, GI cancer, obesity, PCOS, acromegaly, Cushing's, hypothyroid, familial, Prader-Willi, COCP, nicotinic acid
49
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: features
Scaled appearance Systemic upset Epidermis separates with lateral pressure
50
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: drugs (6)
``` Phenytoin Sulphonamides Allopurinol Penicillins Carbabamazepine NSAIDs ```
51
Actinic Keratoses: features
Small, crusty, scaley lesions | On sun exposed areas
52
Pityriasis rosea: features
Herald patch on trunk | Erythematous, oval scaly patches
53
Rosacea: management
1. topical metronidazole or topical brimonidine | 2. PO antibiotics
54
Pityriasis versicolor: features
Trunkal | Hypopigmented patches with scale and prutius
55
Pityriasis versicolor: management
Topical antifingal | Ketoconazole shampoo
56
Impetigo: MRSA
Topical mupirocin
57
Guattae psoriasis: features
Strep infection | Tear drop papules on trunk and limbs
58
Guttase psoriasis: Mx
Self resolves Topical agents UVB phototherapy
59
Cancer associations: acanthosis nigricans
gastric cancer
60
Cancer associations: acquired ichthyosis
lymphoma
61
Cancer associations: acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa
GI and lung cancer
62
Cancer associations: deramtomyositis
ovarian and lung cancer
63
Cancer associations: erythema gyratum repens
lung cancer
64
Cancer associations: erythroderma
lymphoma
65
Cancer associations: migratory thrombophlebitis
pancreatic cancer
66
Cancer associations: necrolytic migratory erythema
glucagonoma
67
Cancer associations: pyoderma gangrenosum
myeloproliferative disorders
68
Cancer associations: Sweet's syndrome
haematological malignancies
69
Cancer associations: tylosis
oesophageal cancer
70
Most common melanoma
Superficial spreading
71
Superficial melanoma: typically affects...
arms, legs, back and chest | young people
72
nodular melanoma: typically affects...
sun exposed skin | middle aged
73
nodular melanoma: appearance
red or black lump | bleeding or oozing
74
lentigo melanoma: typically affects...
chronically sun exposed skin | older people
75
acral lentiginous: typically affects...
nails, palms. soles | Dark skin
76
acral lentiginous: appearance
subungunal pigmentation
77
SJS: causes (6)
``` Penicillin Sulphonamides Lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin Allopurinol NSAIDS COCP ```
78
Psoriasis management
1. topical corticosteroid 2. vitamin D analogue 3. coal tar 4. phototherapy
79
Scabies: Mx
Permethrin 5% | Malthion 0.5%
80
How long can scabies pruritus last for
6 weeks
81
Retinoids: SE (8)
``` Teratogenic Dry skin Low mood Raised triglycerides Hair thinning Nose bleeds Intracranial HTN Photosensitivity ```
82
Scarring alopecia: causes (5)
``` Trauma Radiotherapy Lichen planus Discoid lupus Tinea capitis ```
83
Non-scarring alopecia: causes
``` Male pattern baldness Drugs (cytotoxins, carbimazole, heparin, COCP, clochine) Iron and zinc deficiency Alopecia areta Stress Trichotillomania ```
84
Koebner phenomenon is seen in...
``` Psoriasis Vitiligo Warts Lichen planus Lichen sclerosus Molluscum contagiosum ```
85
Erythema ab igne increases risk of
SCC
86
Dermatitis herpetiformis: description
Itchy vesicular lesions on extensor surfaces
87
Dermatitis herpetiformis: biopsy
Deposition of IgA in granular pattern in upper dermis
88
Dermatitis herpetiformis: Mx
Gluten free diet | Dapsone
89
Erythema multiforme: features
Target lesions | Upper > lower limbs
90
Erythema nodosum: features
Tender, erythematous nodular lesions | Shins
91
Diagnosis of nickel dermatitis..
skin patch test
92
No mucosal blisters
Bullous pemphigoid
93
Mucosal blisters
Pemiphigus vulgaris
94
Polymoprhic eruption is blisters has...
no blisters
95
Acne in pregnancy
Erythromycin is safe
96
Dermatitis herpetiformis: biopsy
IgA deposition
97
Monomorphic, punched out erosins
Eczema herpeticum
98
Pityriasis rosea: cause
HHV7
99
Pityriasis versicolour: cause
Malassezia
100
Pemphigus vulagaris: antibodies
Against demoglin 3
101
Atopic eruption in pregnancy: features
Eczematous itchy rash | No Mx
102
Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy: features
Pruritic condition in last trimester
103
Erythasma: features
Asymptomatic flat scaly lesion in groin or axilla
104
Granuloma annulare: features
Papular lesions, slightly hyperpigmented and centrally depressed Typically on dorsum of hands and feet
105
Pretibial Myxodema: features
Shiny orange peel skin | Seen in Grave's
106
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum: features
Shiny, pain less areas of yellow/red skin on shin of diabetics

MRCP 1 (16 decks)

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