Rhabdoviridae

Question 0

Rhabdoviridae causes which disease?

Answer 0

Rabies

Question 1

What are the characteristics of Rhabdoviridae viruses?

Answer 1

Bullet shaped enveloped virus

Single stranded negative RNA genome

Question 2

Where is rabies endemic?

Answer 2

Asia, Africa, and South America

Question 3

How is rabies usually transmitted?

Answer 3

By an animal bite(infective saliva)

Question 4

Rabies has been transmitted huma to human a few times. How did this happen?

Answer 4

with corneal transplants

Question 5

The rabies virus binds to nerve or muscle cells at the site of inoculation via which receptors?

Answer 5

Nicotinic acetylocholine receptors

Question 6

How long can the rabies virus remain at the site of inoculation before moving into other parts of the body?

Answer 6

weeks to years(average is 30 days)

Question 7

What is the path of infection in the body from rabies?

Answer 7

Virus moves along the nerve axons tot he dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord. From here, spreads to the brain occurs, infection of the brain leads to encephalitis

Question 8

What happens in the prodrome phase of rabies?

Answer 8

pain of itching at the site of the wound, fever, headaches, GI

Question 9

What are the neurologic effects of rabies that set in after the prodrome?

Answer 9

• CNS infection is apparent due to behavioral changes
• In up to half of patients, hydrophobia is seen
• Seizures and hallucinations

Question 10

What happens after the neurologic phase with rabies?

Answer 10

The patient becomes comatose. Because of the neurological problems including respiratory paralysis, death ensues

Question 11

What are the two forms of rabies in animals?

Answer 11

Furious form and Dumb form

Question 12

Describe the furious form of Rabies

Answer 12

Animals can exhibit symptoms such as agitation and increased aggressiveness early on, followed by depression, paralysis, and eventual death

Question 13

Can humans get the furious of dumb form of rabies?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

Describe the dumb form of rabies

Answer 14

animals are lethargic, depressed, and eventually die

Question 15

How is rabies diagnosed?

Answer 15

historically=negri bodies (inclusions in neurons in 50-80% of infected humans)

Question 16

Rabies is controlled with vaccinations. Describe before and after options

Answer 16

• People at risk for rabies infection may be vaccinated as a preventative measure
• Post-exposure prophylaxis, inactivated vaccine and is strongly immunogenic, HGIG(human rabies immunoglobin) is also given in combination with the vaccine