Revolution and Change

Question 1

phases of fr revol 3

Answer 1

1. reformist
2. fr republic, reign of terror
3. moderate constitution, economic hardships

Question 2

fr revol and music

Answer 2

rise of middle class and lowering of aristocracy, composers often associated w/ aristocracy, churches, or courts, now middle class became patrons for music

Question 3

effects of fr revol (3)

Answer 3

• liberty, eqaulity, brotherhood
• possibility of freedom, democratic reform
• new concept of nation instead of being subjects to monarch

Question 4

post revn music (4)

Answer 4

• messages of revn
• marches and symphonies for public ceremonies
• large choral works, revnary hmns, govt sponsored festivals
• opera govt supported, subject to censorship, themes + plot of revn

Question 5

paris conervatoire

Answer 5

founded by govt, education based on merit instead of class, curriculum became standard throughout europe

Question 6

industrial revn

Answer 6

threatened traditional ways of life, lowered instrument costs

Question 7

beethoven’s first period

Answer 7

• known as virtuoso
• gained patrons among local nobility
• moved to vienna
• lessons with Hyadn
• established as pianist
• success as freelance musician - sells to publishers, no court position, taught, concerts
• aimed at amateur market w/ increasing technical demands, contrasts in style, expressive range

Question 8

pathetique symphony evokes

Answer 8

evokes deep suffering, struggle to overcome

Question 9

beethoven’s unique style

Answer 9

built on tradition but reworked in new ways, recquried more deep thought bc he had more freedom to write as he chose

Question 10

eroica symphony

Answer 10

story of heroism and triumph, but changed by the experience, links to fr revolution and beets life

Question 11

beets 2nd period

Answer 11

• based on reputation and patrons
• deafness and psychological crisis in 1802
• stayed alive to continue composing
• themes become characters in his pieces, like a drama, w/ conflict, climax, and catharsis
• economy of material - restricting musical material
• expanded forms, unexpected lengths
• more challenging to listen to

Question 12

beets 3rd period

Answer 12

• more isolation, slower composition pace
• traditional styles
• economic depression
• investigated and spied on by govt
• compositions for connoiseurs to study
• emphasis on continuity, blurring divisions between phrases
• minimalism, churchy pieces

Question 13

Overall legacy of beet 3

Answer 13

• cultural hero
• defined romantic view of creative artist
• caused theorists to develop new approaches of analysis