37 - Postwar Classical Tradition

Question 1

approaches 4

Answer 1

• extensions of tradition
• radical avant garde
• commonalities amidst diversity
• distinctions in music’s purpose

Question 2

tonal traditionalism 3

Answer 2

• indl styles without radical departure from past
• tonality or neotonility
• seeking to communicate to varied public

Question 3

samuel barber 3

Answer 3

• tonal traditionalist
• modernist resources in tonal music
• ex: 12tone row in tonal framework

Question 4

benjamin britten 5

Answer 4

• most prominant in tonl or netonal tradition
• govt support, wrote for films
• war requiem
• music for amateurs and children
• peter grimes

Question 5

peter grimes last scene 2

Answer 5

• theme read as allegory for homosexual people in a hostile society
• bitonality: uncaring sea in C, uncaring townsfolk in A

Question 6

oliver messiaen 7

Answer 6

• exploring different ways of music making
• extended techniques of debussy and stravinsky
• post-tonal, playing with modes
• notated birdsong
• avoids moving toward resolution
• duration, not meter for meditative atmospher
• 4tet for the end of time

Question 7

liturgie de cristal 4

Answer 7

• from messiaen’s 4tet for the end of time
• written in a nazi prison camp
• harmonic stasis - piano plays 29 chords 6 times
• beautiful timbres, colorful harmonies

Question 8

serialism 4

Answer 8

• series of melody or rhythm worked with in different ways, very diverse
• Darmstadt centre, ideas fostered and spread
• free of ideologies
• includes 12 tone

Question 9

total serialism

Answer 9

principle of tone rows applied to parameters other than pitch

Question 10

milton babbitt 3

Answer 10

• applies serial principles to duration
• time-point approach to duration
• thinks composers should develop music as far as they can, intellectual and academic purposes

Question 11

time point approach 2

Answer 11

• each measure divided into 12 = units of time
• notes begin at particular points on time grid using # rows

Question 12

karlheinz stockhausen

Answer 12

also serial

Question 13

pierre boulez’s bourreaux de solitude 4

Answer 13

• 6th movement of le marteau sans maitre
• dense and complex
• associates dynamics with certain pitches
• almost impervious to analysis

Question 14

john cage 4

Answer 14

• studied with schoenberg
• dimensions of whole work related to individual aspects
• search for new sounds
• tala of indian music - duration

Question 15

cage’s prepared piano 3

Answer 15

• sonata v
• various objects inserted between strings of piano, results in delicate and complex percussive sounds
• exploring capabilities and sounds

Question 16

cage 50s and 60s 2

Answer 16

• opposed museum like preservation of music
• created opportunity for experiencing sounds as themselves (similar to absolute music)

Question 17

cage’s music of changes for piano book 1 (3)

Answer 17

• “choose your own adventure”
• to be appreciated in moment bc never the same twice
• charts of possible sounds, silences, dynamics, durations, tempo

Question 18

cage and indeterminacy 2

Answer 18

• certain aspects left unspecified
• 4’33’’

Question 19

morton feldman 5

Answer 19

• also used indeterminacy
• pointillistic, register indicated but not specific pitches, not focussed on pitch
• timbre indicated
• atonal
• expressionist

Question 20

musique concrete

Answer 20

recorded sounds manipulated through mechanical and electronic means, assembled into collages like blocks

Question 21

pierre schaeffer

Answer 21

worked with electronic sound as development of noise as music

Question 22

milton babbitt’s philomel 2

Answer 22

• live voice and voice on tape engage in diologue
• serial procedures