Latter Half of Opera Flashcards
national unification of latter 19th century 2
german empire formed
italy united
austria-hungary
nationalism worked against political unity
permanent repertory
emerged halfway through century bc of demand for popular operas to be repeated
richard wagner 8
- most important German opera composer in last half of 19th century
- supported by King Ludwig the third, who built him a theatre for Wagner’s standards
- gesamtkunstwerk
- called his operas acts of music made visible
- core of drama in music
- leitmotifs
- ring cycle
- tristan und isolde
gesamtkunstwerk
all the art forms of the operatic production working together towards a single, unified, dramatic goal
leitmotif 4
- theme/musical idea that goes along with a certain character, place, idea, prop, etc
- may recall object even if object’s not present
- unify opera or scene
- similar motives suggest connection between things
wagner orchestration
very powerful, singers had to fight over it and embodied in it
the ring cycle 6
4 operas in a series
das reingald
diewalkurie
siegfried
gotterdammerung
stories of medieval german poems and nordic legends
Tristan und Isolde 2
like romeo and juliet, but enemies to lovers bc of poison switched with love potion
plot as backdrop to musical manifestation of character’s emotions
wagner’s influence
leitmotives still used today in film
giuseppe verdi 5
epitome of romantic drama and passion
dominant figure in Italian music for 50 years after Donizetti
bel canto singing, but more memorable, singable tines
more about drama and beautiful melody than technique
la traviata
la traviata 5
high class prostitute and nobleman (Alfredo) fall in love
all about voices, but support from orchestra
alfredo comes back for violetta and they sing a beautiful duet, not ab technique and singers can not embellish
she dies
verdi’s later operas 4
the sicilian vespers, aida, otello (set othello), falstaff
verdi’s legacy 2
by 1850s, more performed than any other composer
more operas in perm rep than any other
verismo
operatic parallel to realism in lit–lower class, familiar situations or brutal
giacomo puccini 3
most successful Italian opera composer after verdi
madama butterfly
blends verdi and wagner styles
madama butterfly 3
japanese styles for woman, western for man
couple falls in love and gets married, immense sacrifice for her, casual for him
her music becomes more western when she says she’s even changed religions for him
france 4
paris remained center for production
grand opera, ballet, lyric opera (between comic and grand)
carmen by Bizet as French exoticism
lighter fare
lighter fare
opera bouffe that satirized French culture more freely
carmen
represented something enticing and dangerous outside of regular society
spain
revitalized zarzuela (musical comedy)
Francisco Asenjo barbieri, el barberillo de lavapies
el barberillo de lavapies FIND WHICH PSRT FOR PLAYLIST 2
comic zarzula grande by Barbieri
romance that accidentally becomes political
bohemia (czech republic) 3
specifically nationalist project
bedrich smetana
anton dvorak
Russia 3
divide between nationalists and westernizers
tchaivosky
the mighty 5
the mighty 5
balakirev, bordin, cui, modest musorgsky, rimsky-kosakov
modest musorgsky
most original of the 5
realism and nationalism reflected in Boris Godanov
operetta
new kind of light opera with spoken dialogue
pirates of penzance by gilbert and sullivan
