Latter Half of Opera

Question 1

national unification of latter 19th century 2

Answer 1

german empire formed
italy united

Question 2

austria-hungary

Answer 2

nationalism worked against political unity

Question 3

permanent repertory

Answer 3

emerged halfway through century bc of demand for popular operas to be repeated

Question 4

richard wagner 8

Answer 4

• most important German opera composer in last half of 19th century
• supported by King Ludwig the third, who built him a theatre for Wagner’s standards
• gesamtkunstwerk
• called his operas acts of music made visible
• core of drama in music
• leitmotifs
• ring cycle
• tristan und isolde

Question 5

gesamtkunstwerk

Answer 5

all the art forms of the operatic production working together towards a single, unified, dramatic goal

Question 5

leitmotif 4

Answer 5

• theme/musical idea that goes along with a certain character, place, idea, prop, etc
• may recall object even if object’s not present
• unify opera or scene
• similar motives suggest connection between things

Question 5

wagner orchestration

Answer 5

very powerful, singers had to fight over it and embodied in it

Question 6

the ring cycle 6

Answer 6

4 operas in a series
das reingald
diewalkurie
siegfried
gotterdammerung
stories of medieval german poems and nordic legends

Question 7

Tristan und Isolde 2

Answer 7

like romeo and juliet, but enemies to lovers bc of poison switched with love potion
plot as backdrop to musical manifestation of character’s emotions

Question 8

wagner’s influence

Answer 8

leitmotives still used today in film

Question 9

giuseppe verdi 5

Answer 9

epitome of romantic drama and passion
dominant figure in Italian music for 50 years after Donizetti
bel canto singing, but more memorable, singable tines
more about drama and beautiful melody than technique
la traviata

Question 10

la traviata 5

Answer 10

high class prostitute and nobleman (Alfredo) fall in love
all about voices, but support from orchestra
alfredo comes back for violetta and they sing a beautiful duet, not ab technique and singers can not embellish
she dies

Question 11

verdi’s later operas 4

Answer 11

the sicilian vespers, aida, otello (set othello), falstaff

Question 12

verdi’s legacy 2

Answer 12

by 1850s, more performed than any other composer
more operas in perm rep than any other

Question 13

verismo

Answer 13

operatic parallel to realism in lit–lower class, familiar situations or brutal

Question 14

giacomo puccini 3

Answer 14

most successful Italian opera composer after verdi
madama butterfly
blends verdi and wagner styles

Question 15

madama butterfly 3

Answer 15

japanese styles for woman, western for man
couple falls in love and gets married, immense sacrifice for her, casual for him
her music becomes more western when she says she’s even changed religions for him

Question 16

france 4

Answer 16

paris remained center for production
grand opera, ballet, lyric opera (between comic and grand)
carmen by Bizet as French exoticism
lighter fare

Question 17

lighter fare

Answer 17

opera bouffe that satirized French culture more freely

Question 18

carmen

Answer 18

represented something enticing and dangerous outside of regular society

Question 19

spain

Answer 19

revitalized zarzuela (musical comedy)
Francisco Asenjo barbieri, el barberillo de lavapies

Question 20

el barberillo de lavapies FIND WHICH PSRT FOR PLAYLIST 2

Answer 20

comic zarzula grande by Barbieri
romance that accidentally becomes political

Question 21

bohemia (czech republic) 3

Answer 21

specifically nationalist project
bedrich smetana
anton dvorak

Question 22

Russia 3

Answer 22

divide between nationalists and westernizers
tchaivosky
the mighty 5

Question 23

the mighty 5

Answer 23

balakirev, bordin, cui, modest musorgsky, rimsky-kosakov

Question 24

modest musorgsky

Answer 24

most original of the 5
realism and nationalism reflected in Boris Godanov

Question 25

operetta

Answer 25

new kind of light opera with spoken dialogue
pirates of penzance by gilbert and sullivan