Revision- Resp. Tract Infections Flashcards
what are the main causes or coryza?
rhinovirus
also coronavirus, RSV
what are symptoms of sinusitis?
- Frontal headache
- Retro orbital pain
- Maxillary sinus pain
- Toothache
- Nasal discharge
treatment for sinusitis?
- Usually self-limiting, can give nasal decongestant (oxymetazoline)/nasal steroids
- Some need antibiotics
what is oxymetazoline?
nasal decongestant
used in (acute) sinusitis
what causes influenza
influenza A (pandemics)
influenza B
how is influenza transmitted?
droplets
direct contact with infected resp. secretions
what is oseltamivir used for?
(drug)
flu symptoms of influenza
which virus causes diptheria?
NOT a virus - bacteria
causes of epiglottitis?
Streptococcus spp. (most common), Staph. aureus and Pseudomonas spp
what does odynophagia mean?
painful swallowing
gold standard epiglottitis investigation?
laryngoscopy
thumbprint sign on soft tissue radiograph ?
epiglottitis
epiglottitis treatment?
- Phone on-call anaesthetist
- Ceftriaxone (antibiotic)
most common cause of bronchiolitis?
RSV
Fever, coryza, cough in child under 1?
bronchiolitis think first
bronchiolitis treatment?
supportive
does acute bronchitis have a dry cough?
no- it is productive
What is the following suggestive of?
-Productive cough
- Fever in minority of cases
- Normal chest exam/ X-ray
- May have transient wheeze
acute bronchitis
acute bronchitis treatment?
supportive
antibiotics NOT indicated
steeple on xray?
croup
croup cause?
parainfluenza virus
croup presentation?
- Increasedwork of breathing
- Barking’cough, occurring in clusters of coughing episodes
- Hoarse voice
- Stridor
- Low gradefever
barking cough?
croup
what is dexamethasone used for?
croup
