Random 1 Flashcards
which glucocorticoids are used in allergic rhinitis?
Beclometasone
Fluticasone
Prednisolone (oral)
over several weeks reduce all symptoms of rhinitis, including nasal congestion
what is Boyle’s Law?
At any constant temperature the pressure exerted by a gas varies inversely with the volume of the gas
what is Henry’s Law?
The amount of a given gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid (e.g. blood) at a constant temperature is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid
what is the Bohr Effect?
A shift of the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve to the right in response to increases in blood CO2 and H+ levels has a significant effect by enhancing the release of O2 from the blood in the tissues and enhancing oxygenation of the blood in the lungs
what is the Haldane effect?
Removing O2 from Hb increases the ability of Hb to pick-up CO2 and CO2 generated H+
what is the breakdown of CO2 in the blood?
10% dissolved in solution
30% proteins; carbamino. globin of Hb
60% buffered with water as carbonic acid
Hb + CO2 ->
carbamino-Hb
(HbCO2)
how is bronchiectasis diagnosed?
high resolution CT scan
which bacteria are nursey workers more likely to have?
haemophilus influenza
what is the Law of Laplace?
P=2T/r describes the relationship between alveolar radius and the tendency to collapse.
A smaller alveolar radius means a higher tendency to collapse.
which kind of respiration is this: ‘Comprises ventilation, gas exchange between the alveoli and blood, gas transport, and gas exchange at the tissues’?
external
what keeps the visceral and parietal pleurae closely opposed and can be overcome by a pneumothorax?
transmural pressure gradient
what does intrapleural fluid do?
Keeps the visceral and parietal pleurae closely opposed. Dependent on water molecule polarity
what is Dalton’s Law?
The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of each component gas
what is pulmonary ventilation?
the volume of air breathed in and out per minute
