revision overview Flashcards
Erkson psychosocial stage 1 (birth to 1yr)
Basic trust vs mistrust
Erikson psychosocial stage 2 (1-3 yrs)
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Erikson psychosocial stage 3 (3-6yrs)
Initiative vs guilt
Erikson psychosocial stage 4 (6-11 yrs)
Industry vs inferiority
Erikson psychosocial stage 5 (Adolescence
Identity vs role confusion
Erikson psychosocial stage 6 (early adulthood)
Intimacy vs isolation
Erikson psychosocial stage 7 (middle adulthood)
Generativity vs Stagnation
Erikson psychosocial stage 8 (late adulthood)
Integrity vs dispair
How many life stages in Eriksons psychosocial stages of life?
8
Two of the most influential psychoanalytic approaches from
Freud and Erikson
key behaviorism and social learning theorist
Pavlov, skinner and bandura
most influential cognitive theorist
Piaget
Piaget’s stage 1 (birth -2yrs_
Sensorimotor.
Piaget’s stage 2 (2-7yrs)
Preoperational
Piaget’s stage 3 (7-11 years)
Concrete operational
Piaget’s stage 4 (11 yrs +)
Formal operations
Infants use the senses and movement to explore the word, and invent ways of solving sensorimotor problems.
Sensorimotor stage
Preschool children use symbols, and develop language and make-believe play. Thinking still lacks logic.
Preoperational stage.
Children’s reasoning becomes logical and better organized. Thinking is not yet abstract.
Concrete operational.
Abstract thinking enables adolescents to use hypotheses and deduction. Adolescents can also evaluate the logic of verbal statements.
formal operational
How many developmental stages does Piaget theorise
4
Piaget proposed that we use internal structures to make sense of the word called
schemes
Schemes developed through 2 primary processes
assimilation and accomodation
use existing scheme
assimilation
change existing scheme
accomodation
piagets process of development
adaptions
steady, comfortable state in which children assimilate more than they accomodate
cognitive equilibrium
state of discomfort and rapid cognitive change in which children shift from assimilation to accommodation
cognitive disequilibrium
Other Prominet cognitive developmental theorist.
Vygotsky
key concepts of vygotsky
zone of proximal development and scaffolding
views the human mind as a symbol manipulating system in which information flows
information processing theory
urie broffenbrenner ecological theory
person develops within complex system of relationships effected by multiple levels of surrounding environment
According to the _____ trend, the head develops more rapidly than the lower part of the body during the prenatal period
cephalocaudal
In a correlational design, researchers __________.
Question 5Select one:
a.
gather information on individuals without altering their experiences
b.
directly control or manipulate changes in the independent variable
c.
use an evenhanded procedure to assign people to two or more treatment conditions
d.
are able to infer causation between two variables
a
Levinson found that during the transition to early adulthood, most young people __________.
Question 15Select one:
a.
focused on finding a life partner
b.
became “keepers of meaning,” or guardians of their culture
c.
became reflective about the meaning of life
d.
constructed a dream that guided their decision making
d.
constructed a dream that guided their decision making
__________ make(s) classical conditioning possible in the young infant
Question 22Select one:
a.
A novelty preference
b.
Observational learning
c.
Habituation
d.
Newborn reflexes
d.
Newborn reflexes
