Revision of neuroanatomy Flashcards
Sympathetic NS
thoracolumbar, T12-L2
PS NS
CN 3,7,9,10
S2-4
Cerebellar lesion sx
DANISH
Ipsilateral signs
Medial longitudinal fascicles
- Pathway joining CN3 nucleus to CN6 nucleus
- Allows eyes to move together
- Injury = internuclear ophthalmoplegia
- Lesions cause impaired adduction in one eye and horizontal nystagmus of other abducting eye
CN3 reflex pathway
- Normally, both pupils will constrict if a light is shined in one eye (consensual response) - impairment of one optic nerve causes Marcus Gunn reflex which is where pupils dilate if light is shone in normal then abnormal pupil → RAPD
- Lesions in midbrain may result in pupils that accommodate but no reaction to light - Argyll Robertson pupil in syphilis
Which CN from midbrain
1-4
Which CN from pons
5-8
Which CN from medulla
9-12
Which area of the body does the fasciculus gracilis control
Legs
Which area of the body does the fasciculus cuneatus control
Arms
CSF formation pathway
- From choroid plexus in lateral ventricles
- Lateral ventricle → foramen of Monroe → third ventricle → cerebral aqueduct of sylvius → fourth ventricle → foramina of Lusckka (lateral) and Magendie (midline) → spinal cord
- Blockage in brain = hydrocephalus
- Blockage in spinal cord = syringomelia
Anterior cerebral artery blockage
No leg movement opposite side of body
Middle cerebral artery blockage
No arm movement opposite side of body
Posterior cerebral artery blockage
no face movement opposite side of body - on both eyes, half of visual space will be lost (homonymous hemianopia)
Where does spinal cord terminate
L2
How do the spinal nerves leave spine?
C1-7 leave above respective vertebra
C8 below C7 and then T1-S5 leave below respective vertebra
What is white matter
Fat
cerebrum
Higher intellect
cerebellum
Coordinated movement
Diencephalon
thalamus (connects parts of brain) and hypothalamus
Basal ganglia
caudate + globus pallidus + claustrum + putamen + amygdala
Brainstem
midbrain + pons + medulla → homeostatic functions
