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Ageing > Orbital cavity and lacrimation > Flashcards

Orbital cavity and lacrimation Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral borders of orbital cavity

A

Zygomatic and sphenoid

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2
Q

Orbital cavity floor

A

Sphenoid, palatine and maxillary bones

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3
Q

Orbital cavity roof

A

Frontal bone

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4
Q

Orbital cavity medial border

A

Sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal and maxillary

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5
Q

Difference between orbit of eye and orbit of axis

A

Orbit is anterolateral but optic axis looks straight ahead

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6
Q

Innervation and function of orbiculares oculi

A

Facial nerve and closes eyelids

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7
Q

Innervation and function of elevator palpebre superiors

A

Oculomotor and opens eyelids

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8
Q

Which muscle opens eye

A

Muller’s muscle

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9
Q

Tarsal’s glands

A

sebaceous glands posterior to eyelashes - oily secretions limit overflow of tears

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10
Q

Ptosis causes

A

Ptosis occurs when sympathetic innervation to Muller’s muscle or parasympathetic interruption to levator palpebrae superioris

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11
Q

Lacrimation

A

facial nerve - greater petrosal nerve - Vidian’s nerve - IOF - orbit - ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve - makes you cry

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12
Q

Why do you get a runny nose when you cry

A

Naso-lacrimal duct connected to nasal cavity

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13
Q

LR movement

A

Abduction

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14
Q

Sr movement

A

Eye moves medially

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15
Q

SO action

A

Eye moves down and out

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16
Q

IO contraction

A

Eye goes up and out

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17
Q

MR action

A

Adduction

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18
Q

IR action

A

Down and out

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19
Q

Test SR

A

Look laterally and up

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20
Q

Test IR

A

Look laterally and down

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21
Q

Test LR

A

Look laterally

22
Q

Test MR

A

Look medially

23
Q

Test IO

A

look medially and upwards.

24
Q

Test SO

A

Look medially and downwards

25
Q

Abducens palsy

A

Eye adducted

26
Q

Oculomotor palsy

A

Pupils dilated, droopy eyelids, down and out

27
Q

trochlear palsy

A

Eye turned up and in

28
Q

Sclera action

A

White fibrous layer that maintains structure

29
Q

Lamina cribosa

A

Defect that allows entry of optic nerve - blind spot

30
Q

Papilloedema

A

Optic disc bulges inwards

31
Q

Limbus

A

Cornea meets sclera

32
Q

retinal detachment tx

A

corneal buckle

33
Q

Function of cornea

A

Allows light to pas through - beware abrasion

34
Q

Keratpconus

A

Cornea thins and forms dome-like structure

35
Q

Iris function

A

Controls light entering eye

36
Q

Ciliary body function

A

Controls shape of lens

37
Q

How do you see objects up close

A

Ciliary muscle contraction = suspensory ligament relaxation = spherical lens and greater focussing power of close up objects

38
Q

What is a cataract?

A

Cloudy lens

39
Q

Cataracts tx

A

Surgery to scoop out lens and replace

40
Q

Action of iris

A

PS causes circular muscles to contract = less light in

Sympathetic causes radial muscles to contract = more light in

41
Q

Horner’s sx

A

Anhydrous, meiosis, ptosis

42
Q

Treatment for dilating pupil

A

tropic amide and atropine

43
Q

How does pan coast tumour cause Horner’s

A

Pancoast tumour (lung) can cause Horner’s by invasion of sympathetic NS

44
Q

What is your optic disc

A

axons exit eyeball, no rods or cones (blind spot)

45
Q

Rods

A

See in black and white but used in low light - located around peripheries

46
Q

Cones

A

See in colour - red/green/blue rods

47
Q

Macular degeneration

A

Degeneration of macula - colour blindness and no central vision

48
Q

Retinitis pigmentosa

A

Congenital retina degeneration = peripheral visual loss

49
Q

What separates anterior and posterior chambers?

50
Q

What separates posterior and anterior chamber

51
Q

What are floaters

A

Parts of vitreous humour

52
Q

Where is aqueous humour made and absorbed

A

mAde in ciliary body and absorbed by canal of schlemm

Ageing (21 decks)

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