review things Flashcards
ketoacidosis steps?
down insulin, up glucagon
increase FA oxidation
increase FFA
liver turns them into ketones
more ketones being made than used
ketoacidosis symtoms ?
ketouria
ketomia
results in dehydration
why hyperglycemia?
because liver is doing gluconeogenesis but there is a decrease in glucose uptake
what is the oral glucose test
75 g of glucose given orally, then check for the increase in blood glucose. Should reach peak in 30-60 mins and go back to normal in 2 hours.
what is a prediabetic?
someone with impaired fasting glucose and imparied glucose tolerance
what is glycerated hemo globin?
hemo globin with glucose and it cannot beremoved so it stays till the RBC dies which takes 8-12 weeks
what can glycated hemoglobin be used for?
for historical glycemic control and can be used to daignsoe diabetes.
urine is …. a diagnsotic test for diabetes
not
what does albumin in the urine indicate?
diabetic nephropathy
what does increase plasma lactate indicate?
inadequate oxygenation
waht gene causes type 1
human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II
an INS gene polymorphism causes …. genetic susceptibility
10 percent
what resting glucose will confirm diabetes?
over 176 tested twice
waht are the three Ps?
polyurea
polyphagia
polydipsia
why hypertriacylglycerolemia?
increase chylomicrons because of excess FA and they are packaged as VLDL
