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MSI > Review Stuff > Flashcards

Review Stuff Flashcards

0
Q

Arthritis that gets better with use including the MCP joint with nodules

A

RA

- CD4 mediated process

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1
Q

Squamous dysplasia spectrum

A
  • AK: partial thickness atypia
  • SCCIS: full thickness atypia
  • Met SCC: Full thickness with basal layer infiltration
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2
Q

Palisading rings of lymphocytes, jaw cyst and PTCH mutation

A
  • Gorlin’s syndrome
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3
Q

Trabecular bone without cells in lacunae

A
  • necrotic, expect to see wedge shaped infarct

- sequela is osteoarthritis due to collapse of trabeculae

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4
Q

Increased melanocytes Without atypia (should resemble lymphocytes)

A
  • normal Nevus
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5
Q

Pagetoid spread of melanocytes

A

Malignant melanoma

  • local: Breslow
  • met: stage
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6
Q

Puzzle piece mosaic lines

A
  • Paget’s disease

- upregulation of blasts and clasts

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7
Q

Bimodally distributed hard tissue neoplasm

A
  • osteosarcoma
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8
Q

Most common hard tissue neoplasm in the elderly

A
  • chondrosarcoma

- axially distributed

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9
Q

Most common tumor in kids

A
  • Ewing sarcoma
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10
Q

Most common tumor occurring in bone

A
  • Metastatic lesions coming from the prostate in men and the breasts in women
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11
Q

Primary cause of mortality in Deschenes’s muscular dystrophy

A
  • cardiac failure

- resp failure can support

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12
Q

Severely atrophied facial muscles with ring fibers in myositis on biopsy

A

Myotonic dystrophy

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13
Q

Muscle wasting with Panfascicular myocyte lost

A

Spinal muscular atrophy

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14
Q

Trichrome stain yielding parking lot inclusions in mitochondria, weakness with exercise

A
  • mitochondrial myopathy

- neural and cardiac sequelae

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15
Q

Glycogen storage disease that effects both muscle and liver

A

Pompe’s disease

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16
Q

Inflammatory process showing lymphocytic infiltration in skin and muscle

  • adults only
  • everyone
A
  • dermatomyocytis: in all ages

- polymyocytis: in adults only

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17
Q

Retroperitoneal malignancy

A
  • liposarcoma

- could also be Fibromatosis (desmoid) but less common and more symptoms

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18
Q

Benign tumor that acts malignant

A

Fibromatosis

- recapitulates muscle tissue -> fibrotic mass

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19
Q

Leiomyomas vs. leiomyosarcomas

A

Leiomyomas are fairly common, leiomyosarcomas are quite rare.

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20
Q

Erlenmyer flask deformity

A
  • seen in the ends of long bones of osteopetrosis

- carbonic anhydrase II

21
Q

Mutation in TCIRG1

A
  • osteopetrosis

- screws with H pumps decreasing

22
Q

Saddle nose deformity

A
  • associated with metastatic lung cancer appearance

Wegeners

23
Q

Sqstm1 mutation

A

Found in 50 % of Paget’s cases

24
Q

Deep vs. superficial Fibromatoses

  • location
  • mechanism
A
  • superficial is either palmar, plantar or penile (mechanism unknown)
  • deep are associated with musculature of abdomen
    ~ associatd with APC/B-catenin mutations, and FAP
25
Q

Failure to let go after handshake

A

Myotonic dystrophy

26
Q

Anticipation, seen with onset in teenagers

A

Type I MD

- type II is adult onset and shows no anticipation and is less severe

27
Q

DMPK gene mutation

A
  • myotonic dystrophy

- CTG repeats (more repeats, mo sever disease)

28
Q

External opthalmoplegia, neuro symptoms and cardiomyopathy

A
  • mitochondrial myopathy
29
Q

Ragged red fibers and “parking lot” inclusions

A

Mitochondrial myopathy

30
Q

Threadlike bands of protein derived from a-actinin

A

Nemaline

  • floppy babies
  • arthrogryposis: contracture of joints
31
Q

Condition assoc. with thymomas

A
  • myasthenia gravis

- excess production of T cells -> ACh attack

32
Q

Edrophonium

A
  • AChE to diagnose MG

- aka Tensilon test

33
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma best and worst prognosis

A
  • best = embryonal (botryoid tumor)

- worst = alveolar

34
Q

Dermatomyocytis as a Paraneoplastic syndrome in kids

A

GI cancer

35
Q

Soap bubble, epiphisial tumor

A
  • giant cell tumor
36
Q

Metaphyseal tumor transformation

A
  • osteosarcoma (benign tumor starts in bone) -> chondrosarcoma
37
Q

Radiolucent core on X-ray, aspirin doesn’t relieve pain

A
  • osteoblastomas
38
Q

Tombstone blister morphology

A

Separation of s. basale from rest: desmosome (desmoglien 1 and 3)

39
Q

Bisphosphonates as treatment

A
  • Paget’s disease
40
Q

Velvety darkening of the skin in axilla/groin

A
  • acanthosis nigricans

- associated with gastric carcinoma and TIIDM

41
Q

Saw toothed dermal-epidermal junction, 6 P’s

A
  • lichen planus
42
Q

Tizarotine

A
  • cat X

- MOA: comedolytic, normalizes epidermal differentiation, anti inflammatory

43
Q

Guttate psoriasis

A
  • small lesions over trunk and proximal extremities

- preceded by strep throat infection

44
Q

Storiform ground glass appearing tumor associated with precocious puberty

A
  • fiberous dysplasia

- 70% monostic

45
Q

Hair growth signaling genes

A

WNT - follicle development

Notch - epidermal differentiation

46
Q

Atopic dermatitis pathenogenesis

A
  • fillagrin

- TH2 mediated

47
Q

Tzank smear

A

HSV detection

- detects giant cells

48
Q

Hutchinsons sign

A
  • herpes zoster papules appearing on nose: get opthalmaic consult
49
Q

Bright red plaques with satillite pustules

A

Candidiasis

- may be associated with

50
Q

Sabourauds/Mycosel gel

A
  • diagnosis of superficial fungal infection
51
Q

Acral lentiginous melanoma

A

Palms, soles, nail beds

- most common in dark skinned

MSI (9 decks)

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