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Organ Histology > Review Questions > Flashcards

Review Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Specifically where are most purkinje fibers found within the heart?

A

sub-endocardium of endocardium

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2
Q

Ions and sarcoplasm will quickly move through which portion of intercalated discs?

A

longitudinal portion

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3
Q

Which type of cell junction enables this quick movement?

A

large gap junctions

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4
Q

Name the internal single cell layer lining the heart’s chambers?

A

endothelium

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5
Q

Myofibrils are pushed peripherally within purkinje fibers due to the storage of what substance?

A

glycogen

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6
Q

Special hormone secreting myoendocrine cells are found in which heart layer?

A

myocardium

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7
Q

Which major luminal wall layer is thickest/most dominant within arterioles?

A

tunica media

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8
Q

What is the tunic primarily made of?

A

smooth muscle

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9
Q

Why is the endothelium of the tunica intima prone to develop problems in elastic arteries?

A

fast moving luminal blood

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10
Q

What to metarterioles lack?

A

tunica media

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11
Q

What luminal layers are thicker in arteriovenous anastomosis?

A

tunica media and tunica adventitia

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12
Q

What are the vessels that metarterioles are associted with?

A

thoroughfare channels

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13
Q

What are found within all capillary beds?

A

metarterioles

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14
Q

T/F: Arteriovenous anastomosis redirect much blood away from capillary beds?

A

True

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15
Q

Which enables the functioning of erectile tissues?

A

arteriovenous anastomosis

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16
Q

Which cell type, with reparative potential, is found exterior to capillaries and venules?

A

pericyctes

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17
Q

Which cell type is found regularly with capillaries and venules only?

A

pericytes

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18
Q

Name the structure that will supply the cells in the tunica adventitia with the materials needed to survive?

A

vasa vasorum

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19
Q

Do lymphatic capillaries have pericytes?

A

no

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20
Q

Do lymphatic capillary endothelial cells join together using tight junction?

A

no

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21
Q

Do lymphatic capillary endothelial cells have attached anchoring filaments?

A

yes

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22
Q

Do medium and large lymphatic vessels have 3 major luminal wall layers?

A

yes

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23
Q

Renal corpuscles are found within which major kidney region?

A

cortex

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24
Q

Which cell type makes up the parietal layer at Bowman’s capsule?

A

simple squamous

25
Q

Which cell type makes up the visceral layer of the Bowman’s capsule?

A

podocytes

26
Q

What do you call the specialized cellular processes of podocytes that create the thin filtration slits over the glomerular capillaries?

A

pedicles

27
Q

The macula densa is a special area of which part of a nephron?

A

distal convoluted tubule

28
Q

Connecting tubules lead to which structures that are not part of a nephron?

A

collecting ducts

29
Q

Which is made of taller cells and have well developed microvilli: PCT or DCT?

A

proximal convoluted tubules

30
Q

Which part of the pharynx LACKS tonsils?

A

laryngopharynx

31
Q

What type of surface epithelium lines the laryngopharynx?

A

stratified squamous

32
Q

What type of surface epithelium lines the nasopharynx?

A

respiratory

33
Q

What type of surface epithelium lines the oropharynx?

A

stratified squamous

34
Q

Name 2 unique structural features concerning the muscularis externa of the pharynx.

A
  • all skeletal muscle

- reversed pattern

35
Q

Pharyngeal tonsils are located in which specific luminal wall layer?

A

lamina propria of mucosa

36
Q

Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

A

palatine and lingual

37
Q

Which tonsils are found in the nasopharynx?

A

pharyngeal

38
Q

Name the epithelium type found covering the vocal folds.

A

stratified squamous

39
Q

Which type of epithelium covers the vestibular folds?

A

respiratory

40
Q

What type of epithelium covers the upper surface of the epiglottis?

A

stratified squamous

41
Q

The epiglottis is made of what kind of cartilage?

A

elastic

42
Q

Where can seromucous glands be found within the wall of the trachea?

A

lamina propria of mucosa

43
Q

Name the surface epithelium lining the trachea?

A

respiratory

44
Q

Describe the muscularis mucosa of the trachea.

A

absent

45
Q

In the trachea, what does the muscularis externa consist of?

A

trachealis muscle

46
Q

Name the four parts of the blood-gas barrier beginning with the alveoli.

A
  1. pulmonary surfactant
  2. alveolar type I cell
  3. fused basal lamina (b/w alveolar type I cell & endothelial cell of capillary)
  4. endothelial cells
47
Q

Which cell type is not fully functional in adequate numbers in pre-mature infants born with RDS?

A

alveolar type II

48
Q

What cells produce alpha-1 AT?

A

hepatocytes

49
Q

What fibers do alpha-1 AT protect in the lungs?

A

elastic

50
Q

Which cell type is unique to bronchioles?

A

clara cells

51
Q

What two structural/functional components are lacking in bronchioles but found in tertiary/segmental bronchi?

A

cartilage

seromucous glands

52
Q

What tissue type will form a complete layer in bronchioles but not in tertiary/segmental bronchi?

A

smooth muscle

53
Q

Which cell type acts as as the stem cell for bronchiolar epthelial cells?

A

clara cells

54
Q

Which alveolar septal cell will act as a stem cell?

A

alveolar type II

55
Q

Which alveolar septal cell will clean septal walls?

A

alveolar macrophages

56
Q

Which alveolar septal cell will exchange gases?

A

alveolar type I

57
Q

Which alveolar septal cell will develop from monocytes?

A

alveolar macrophages

58
Q

Which alveolar septal cell will produce pulmonary surfactant?

A

alveolar type II

Organ Histology (6 decks)

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