Review Part 4- WWII Flashcards
Examine the transformation in American society and government policy as the nation mobilized for entry into World War II.
1
Q
Appeasement
A
-Policy of granting concessions in order to keep the peace
2
Q
Isolationism
A
-A national policy to avoid involvement in the political and economic affairs of other countries
3
Q
Neutrality Acts
A
- 1939
- Allowed nations at war to buy goods and arms in the US if they paid cash and carried the merchandise on their own ships
- Was an attempt to keep the US out of WWII
4
Q
Lend-Lease Act
A
- 1941
- Allowed President Roosevelt to sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense he considered vital to the safety of the US
5
Q
Mobilization
A
- Gathering resources in order to prepare for war
- Industries’ production was for the war
6
Q
FDR “Day Which Will Live in Infamy” speech
A
- 1941
- Speech in response to the bombing of Pearl Harbor
- Congress voted to declare war
7
Q
Women and Minorities in the war effort
A
- Women took jobs left by men who went to war
- Women joined the war efforts as nurses
- African Americans demanded equal rights to join war efforts
8
Q
Internment of Japanese-Americans
A
-Women, men, and children were relocated to camps in isolated locations
9
Q
Korematsu v. US decision
A
- Some Japanese-Americans went to court to seek their rights after the internment
- Supreme Court upheld the government’s wartime internment policy
10
Q
Internment of Americans of German/Italian Descent
A
- After Pearl Harbor, fear spread across America
- German/Italian immigrants were held in camps
- Had curfews
- Had travel restrictions
- Once fear subsided, Germans and Italians were taken off the enemy aliens list
11
Q
Pearl Harbor
A
- Japanese mission was to eradicate the American naval and air presence in the Pacific with a surprise attack
- 2,500 people killed
- battleships, destroyers, aircraft destroyed and damaged
- US declared war
12
Q
Military Turning Points
A
- Battle of Stalingrad
- Nazis forced to retreat westward back toward Germany
- Turning point of the war in Europe
- Ended any realistic plans Hitler had of dominating Europe
- Battle of Midway
- Turning point of the war in the Pacific
- Ended the Japanese advance
- Japanese would never again threated Hawaii or dominate the Pacific
13
Q
D-Day Invasion
A
- June 6, 1944
- Allies hit German forces on the beaches of Normandy
- Omaha Beach- Americans faced German opposition
- 100s of American soldiers lost their lives
- Allies gained a small hold in France
14
Q
Atomic Bomb
A
- Code named: Manhattan Project
- Physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer led the project
- July 1945- first atomic bomb tested in New Mexico
- Aug. 1945- President Harry Truman decided to drop a bomb on Hiroshima and one on Nagasaki
- Japan surrendered Sept. 1945
15
Q
Island Hopping
A
-American forces advanced in the Pacific by capturing Japanese held islands in a path toward Japan
