Review Part 3- 1920s to New Deal Flashcards

The student will analyze the cycles of boom and bust of the 1920s and 1930s on the transformation of American government, the economy, and society.

1
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

-Period during the 1920s in which African American novelists, poets, and artists celebrated their culture

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2
Q

Jazz Age

A
  • Named by F. Scott Fitzgerald
  • Symbol of the 1920s
  • Jazz musicians recombine different forms of music
  • Demonstrated depth and richness of African American culture
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3
Q

Talkies

A
  • Movies that began to incorporate sound/talking

- Movies spoke to the desires, needs, fears, and fantasies of the US people

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4
Q

Tulsa Race Riot

A
  • 1921
  • Tulsa, OK
  • Armed African Americans tried to protect a black man from lynching
  • 35 city blocks burned down by white rioters
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5
Q

Sit Down Strikes

A
  • Workers refuse to leave the workplace until settlement is reached
  • If workers were not working, products were not being made, money was not being made
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6
Q

Court Injunction

A

-A court order by which an individual is required to perform, or is restrained from performing, a particular act

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7
Q

Socialism

A
  • System or theory under which the means of production are publicly controlled and regulated rather than owned by individuals
  • Many believed socialism and communism could be the answer to the country’s problems during the 20s/30s
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8
Q

Communism

A
  • a revolutionary socialist movement to create a classless, moneyless, and stateless social order structured upon common ownership of the means of production
  • Many believed socialism and communism could be the answer to the country’s problems during the 20s/30s
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9
Q

Easy Credit

A
  • 1920’s
  • People spent beyond their means and bought goods on credit and made small monthly payments
  • Contributed to the Great Depression
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10
Q

Installment Buying

A
  • 1920’s
  • Method of purchasing an item with a down payment and pays off the rest of the debt in regular monthly payments
  • Contributed to the Great Depression
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11
Q

Modern Conveniences

A
  • Flood of new, affordable goods became available
  • Electric washing machines, vacuum cleaners, irons, radios, refrigerators
  • Made housekeeping easier and quicker
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12
Q

Automobile

A
  • Henry Ford introduced methods that revolutionized the car industry
  • Model T was the first car the ordinary man could afford
  • Assembly line helped the building process faster and easier
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13
Q

Indian Citizenship Act of 1924

A

-Granted full U.S. citizenship to America’s indigenous people

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14
Q

Speculation

A
  • Practice of making high risk investments in hopes of obtaining large profits
  • Contributed to the Great Depression
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15
Q

Buying on Margin

A
  • System of buying stocks in which a buyer pays a small percentage of the purchase price while the broker advances the rest
  • Contributed to the Great Depression
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16
Q

Laissez-Faire Policy

A
  • The absence of government control over private business

- “Hands off”

17
Q

Stock Market Crash

A
  • Oct. 29, 1929
  • Black Tuesday
  • Stock prices fell sharply and billions of dollars were lost
18
Q

Bank Failures

A
  • After the stock market crash
  • Banks did not have enough money to give to people as they tried to withdraw their money
  • Thousands of banks were forced to close
19
Q

Agricultural Failures

A
  • After the stock market crash
  • Crop prices began to fall and farmers could not make enough money to cover the upkeep of the farm
  • Lost their land/ homes/ farms
20
Q

Great Depression

A
  • 1929-1941

- US economy collapsed and unemployment soared

21
Q

Bonus Army March

A
  • 1932
  • Group of WWI veterans who marched on Washington, DC demanding early payment of a bonus promised to them
  • Force was used to end their march
22
Q

Hoovervilles

A
  • Makeshift shantytowns set up by homeless people during the Great Depression
  • Terms was used in a way to blame President Hoover for their situation
23
Q

1932 Presidential Election

A
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt v. Herbert Hoover
  • Hoover’s popularity declined as the depression worsened
  • Roosevelt won the election easily
24
Q

New Deal

A
  • Enacted by Franklin D. Roosevelt
  • Programs and legislation during the Great Depression to promote economic recovery and social reform
  • Some organizations formed were TVA, CCC, Social Security
25
Q

FDR First Inaugural Address

A
  • March 1933
  • Stated that federal gov needed to play an active role in promoting recovery and providing relief during the Great Depression
26
Q

FDR Four Freedoms Speech

A
  • Jan. 1941
  • Freedom of speech
  • Freedom of worship
  • Freedom from want
  • Freedom from fear
  • All were threatened by Nazi and Japanese militarism
  • Best way to stay out of conflict was to aid Britain
27
Q

Deficit Spending

A

-The nation paying out more money than it is receiving in revenues

28
Q

Roosevelt’s Court Packing Plan

A
  • Add up to 6 new justices to the 9 member Supreme Court after the Court had ruled that some New Deal legislation was unconstitutional
  • Some critics say the new members were New Deal supporters and FDR was trying to increase his power
29
Q

Social Security Administration

A
  • 1935
  • Created by FDR
  • Set up a pension system for retirees, established unemployment insurance, and created insurance for victims of work related accidents; provided aid for poverty stricken mothers and children, the blind, and disabled
30
Q

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

A
  • FDIC

- Government agency that insures bank deposits, guaranteeing depositors’ money will be safe

31
Q

Works Progress Administration

A
  • WPA
  • New Deal agency that provided work relief through various public works projects
  • Built highways, soil and water conservation
  • Provided programs in the arts for displaced artists
32
Q

Tennessee Valley Authority

A
  • TVA

- Agency that built dams in the Tennessee river valley to control flooding and generate electric power

33
Q

Dust Bowl

A
  • Drought and dust storms in the central and southern Great Plains during the 1930s
  • Many people left the Great Plains
  • Federal gov projects provided irrigation and aid to farmers