Review Part 2- Imperialism to WWI

Question 1

White Man’s Burden

Answer 1

• Poem written by Rudyard Kipling
• Written in response to the US takeover of the Philipines after the Spanish-American War
• The whites have a duty/obligation to colonize and help the poor

Question 2

Annexation of Hawaii

Answer 2

• America had sugar cane plantations in Hawaii (source of profit)
• 1898 during the Spanish-American War
• Pres McKinley annexed Hawaii into the US

Question 3

Admiral Alfred T. Mahan

Answer 3

• Military historian and officer in the US Navy
• Wrote The Influence of Sea Power Upon History
• Claimed….
  - nations are more powerful when they have a powerful navy
  - US needed to have a bigger navy
• US followed Mahan’s advice and built up the navy

Question 4

Anti-Imperialist League

Answer 4

• Condemned imperialism as a crime

- Believed imperialism was disloyal to the principles of our US government

Question 5

Yellow Journalism

Answer 5

• Articles and headlines that exaggerated the Spanish-American War
• The exaggerated headlines encouraged American people to support the war

Question 6

T. Roosevelt- Big Stick Diplomacy

Answer 6

• Policy of creating and using, when necessary, a strong military to achieve America’s goals
• “Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far”

Question 7

W. Taft- Dollar Diplomacy

Answer 7

• Policy of expanding American investments abroad

- Invested in mines, oil wells, railways, and plantations mostly in Central America and the Caribbean

Question 8

W. Wilson- Missionary Diplomacy

Answer 8

-Policy of promoting human rights to assert influence across the world, instead of using force

Question 9

Panama Canal

Answer 9

• Cut travel distance from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
• T. Roosevelt helped Panama gain independence from Columbia
• Negotiated with Panama to build the canal

Question 10

Presidential Election of 1912

Answer 10

• Roosevelt (Progressive Party)
• Taft (Republican)
• Wilson (Democratic)
• Because the Republican party split in two (Rep and Prog) it allowed the Democrats (Wilson) to win the election

Question 11

Suffrage Movement

Answer 11

• Movement encouraged by the progressive women to gain their right to vote
• Used protests, boycotts, pickett lines, hunger strikes to gain awareness
• Carrie Chapman Catt/ Susan B. Anthony/ Elizabeth Cady Stanton/ Alice Paul (important women)
• National American Woman Suffrage Association

Question 12

Bull Moose Party

Answer 12

• AKA Progressive Party

- Emerged from the split of the Republican party during the 1912 election

Question 13

World War I

Answer 13

• Began 1914
• US wanted to remain neutral
• US entered the war in 1917 after…
  - Zimmerman Note
  - Unrestricted submarine warfare

Question 14

Zimmerman Note

Answer 14

• Intercepted by the British and given to US
• Sent by German Foreign Minister
• Proposed an alliance with Mexico
• If US declared war on Germany, Mexico should declare war on US.
• In return, after a German victory, Mexico would get back the states it lost in the Mexican-American War

Question 15

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Answer 15

• During WWI
• Declared by Germany
• Submarines would sink any vessel without warning

Question 16

Home Front

Answer 16

• Wartime production
  - produce food for soldiers
  - produce weapons, ammunition
  - clothing
• Reporters publish stories/articles they want to public to know/believe

Question 17

Propaganda

Answer 17

• The use of rumors, ideas, or information to influence public opinion
• Used during WWI to make people support the war

Question 18

Women’s role in industry during WWI

Answer 18

• Women filled jobs that were vacated by men who left to fight in the war
• Farmers, munitions factories, trolley conductors, telegraph operators
• Their war efforts helped them gain the right to vote

Question 19

Great Migration

Answer 19

• African Americans left the south and moved to the north
• Escape violence
• Better jobs, economic advancement

Question 20

The Draft (WWI)

Answer 20

• Selective Service Act- Congress authorized a draft of men for military service in Europe during WWI
• Americans registered for the draft and were assigned a number
• Numbers were drawn to decide which men were drafted to the war

Question 21

First Red Scare

Answer 21

-Widespread fear of suspected communists and radicals thought to be plotting revolution within the US

Question 22

Wilson’s Fourteen Points

Answer 22

-list of terms for resolving World War I and future wars outlined by President Woodrow Wilson

Question 23

Isolationism

Answer 23

-A national policy to avoid involvement in the political and economic affairs of other countries

Question 24

New Territorial Acquisitions in the US

Answer 24

• William Seward bought Alaska from Russia in 1867
• US annexes Hawaii in 1898
• US gained control of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam from Spain after the Spanish American War
• US bought Philippines from Spain

Question 25

Insurrections in Cuba and Philippines

Answer 25

Cuba- Started a war for independence from Spain
-US came to Cuba’s aid to defeat Spain
Philippines- Started a rebellion against US rule
-US put down the rebellion

Question 26

Marshaling of Industrial Production (WWI)

Answer 26

• War Industries Board- regulated all industries engaged in the war effort
• determined what products were made, where they went, and how much they cost
• system to fulfill the nation’s need for war materials

Question 27

Suppression of Individual Rights (WWI)

Answer 27

• Espionage Act- ban treasonable or seditious newspapers, magazines, or printed materials from the mail
• Severe penalties for anyone engaged in disloyal or treasonable activities
• Sedition Act- Unlawful to use disloyal, profane, or abusive language about the American gov, the Constitution, or the military
• Schenck v United States- upheld the Espionage and Sedition Acts- There are times when the First Amendment protections of speech do not apply (the need for order/during war)

Question 28

Rejection of the League of Nations

Answer 28

• The formation of the League was attached to the Treaty of Versailles
• Pres Wilson wanted changes to the treaty, when the changes were not made, Wilson asked his followers to vote against the treaty
• The treaty was defeated

Question 29

Dealing with Trusts

Answer 29

• Roosevelt- “Trustbuster” Administration
• Enforced the Sherman Antitrust Act
• Saw a difference between “good” and “bad” trusts/ Big business was only bad if it bullied smaller companies and cheated consumers
• Taft- Brought lawsuits to twice as many corporations as Roosevelt
• “Busted” the Standard Oil Company
• Allowed monopolies as long as they did not “unreasonable” squeeze out smaller companies
• Wilson- Created the Federal Trade Commission to monitor business practices that might lead to a monopoly
• Passed the Clayton Antitrust Act- listed business practices that were not allowed

Question 30

Trade Tariffs

Answer 30

• Wilson passed the Underwood Tariff Act of 1913- wanted to prevent big manufacturers from unfairly charging high prices so he lowered the tariffs on goods from foreign countries so if US companies’ prices were too high, consumers could buy foreign goods.
• Underwood Tariff Act also included a graduated income tax