Review Packet for the second test Flashcards
Name the gland(s) from which each of the following hormones come
Insulin -
Glucagon -
Melatonin –
pancreas
pancreas
pineal gland
A mouse without 5-HT2c receptors will become obese.
A 5-HT2C \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ facilitates weight loss.
agonist
Which of the following is (are) orexigenic?
Orexin
Melanin-concentrating hormone
Neuropeptide Y
Agouti-related peptide
OxytocinOrexin
Melanin-concentrating hormone
Neuropeptide Y
Agouti-related peptide
The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus secretes both orexigenic and anorexigenic signals. Name the anorexigenic ones.
CART and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
The arcuate nucleus also responds to anorexigenic hormones from the periphery. Name three.
Leptin, PYY, GLP-1
If a drug is a dopamine agonist, it is likely to _______________ appetite, while a drug that is a dopamine antagonist will _______________ appetite.
decrease
increase
Gastric bypass __ ghrelin and __ PYY and GLP-1
decreases
increases
Of the following, which encourage(s) wakefulness?
histamine catecholamines GABA orexin acetylcholine
All except GABA
Which of the neurotransmitters listed are low during SWS but high during REM?
histamine catecholamines GABA orexin acetylcholine
acetylcholine
The cell bodies of neurons that secrete orexin are located in the
lateral hypothalamus.
An orexin deficiency has been linked with the sleep disorder called
narcolepsy
Stimulation of the neurons with cell bodies in the ___________ would lead to release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens.
ventral tegmental area
Both methadone and buprenorphine are agonists for endogenous opioid receptors, but buprenorphine is a partial agonist. What does this mean?
It has a weaker effect on the endogenous opioid receptors, and it is less likely to be abusable.
Suboxone combines buprenorphine and naloxone.
What is the purpose of the naloxone?
Prevent abuse by blocking opioid effect if the drug were injected.
REM sleep begins when these neurons stop firing
5HT, NE, histamine, orexin
What does it mean to say that suvorexant is a DORA
It blocks both types of orexin receptor.
suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus relates to
biological clock
lateral hypothalamus relates to
orexin cell bodies there – relates to sleep, appetite, and substance abuse
arcuate nucleus relates to
orexigenic and anorexigenic neurochemicals
insula works to
maintain addiction
medulla is responsible for
glucose detection
pineal gland produces this sleep hormone
melatonin
The nucleus accumbens is in the ____________ striatum
ventral
An orexin antagonist might
a. help insomnia
b. help narcolepsy
c. reduce cue-triggered drug-seeking
d. boost appetite
a. help insomnia
c. reduce cue-triggered drug-seeking
How may ghrelin relate to each of the following?
Circadian rhythm of appetite ghrelin shows circadian rhythm – less at night even if several hours since eating.
Nucleus accumbens increases reward value of eating ghrelin
Prader-Willi Syndrome ghrelin high
Gastric bypass surgery ghrelin reduced by the surger
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