Review For Bimonthly Exam Flashcards
Across the biosphere, the variety of life:
Biodiversity
All living things and all the places they are found on Earth:
Biosphere
is a particular type of living things that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves:
Species
is the scientific study of all forms of life, or all types of organisms:
Biology
is any individual living thing:
Organisms
Is the basic unit of life:
Cell
all of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials:
Metabolism
In all organisms, the genetic material is a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid:
DNA
provides an enlarged image of an object:
Microscope
is nothin more than a segment of DNA that stores genetic information:
Gene
is the study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level:
Molecular genetics
is the study and comparison of genomes both within and across species:
Genomics
is the study of the interactions among living things, and between living things and their surroundings:
Ecology
is a group of different species that live together in one area, such as groups of alligators, turtles, birds, fish, and plants that live together in the Florida Everglades:
Community
includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks, and other nonliving things in a given area:
Ecosystem
is a major regional or global community of organisms:
Biome
factors are living things, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria:
Biotic
factors are nonliving things such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, and soil:
Abiotic
is the assortment, or variety, of living things in an ecosystem:
Biodiversity
is a species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem:
Keystone species
are organisms that get their energy from nonliving resources, meaning they make their own food:
Producer
producer.
Autotrophs
are organisms that get their energy by eating other living or once-living resources, such as plants and animals:
Consumer
Consumer
Heterotrophs
is the process by which an organism forms carbohydrates using chemicals, rather than light, as an energy source.
Chemosynthesis.
is a sequence that links species by their feeding relationships:
Food chain
such as desert cottontails, are organisms that eat only plants:
Herbivores
are organisms that eat only animals:
Carnivores
are organisms that eat both plants and animals:
Omnivores
are organisms that eat detritus, or dead organic matter:
Detritivores
are detritivores that break down organic matter into simpler compounds:
Decomposers
is the movement of individuals into a population from another population:
Immigration
is the movement of individuals out of a population and into another population:
Emigration
of an environment is the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that the environment can support:
Carrying capacity
is a large decrease in the size of a population over a short time period:
Population crash
The factor that has the greatest effect on limiting population growth:
Limiting factor
are limiting factors that are affected by the population density, or the number of individuals living in a given area.
Density-dependent limiting factor
are limiting factors that affect the size of any population, no matter what density of individuals live in an area.
Density-independent limiting factors
occurs when a population size increases greatly over a period of time:
Exponential growth
begins with a period of slow growth, followed by exponential growth:
Logistic growth
Everything that lives on Earth, and every place where those things live:
Biosphere
Everything that lives on Earth, and every place where those things live:
Biota
all of Earth’s water, ice, and water vapor:
Hydrosphere
the air that surrounds the entire planet:
Atmosphere
the physical features of Earth’s surface—including the continents, rocks, the sea floor, and everything below Earth’s surface:
Geosphere
is the long-term pattern of weather conditions in a region:
Climate
is the climate in a small, specific place within a larger area:
Microclimate
which has hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters:
Chaparral
is located north of the taiga:
Tundra
is located in cooler climates:
Taiga
trees, which drop their leaves to survive cold winters:
Deciduous
trees, which keep their needles all year:
Coniferous
is very dry and gets little rain:
Desert
is an area in which the main plant life is grass:
Grassland
Most organisms live in the uppermost branches of the forest:
Canopy
is the shoreline area between high and low tide lines:
Intertidal zone
is the next closest area to shore:
Neritic zone
extends from the edge of the neritic zone to the ocean bottom:
Bathyal zone
is the deepest zone:
Abyssal zone
live in the neritic zone:
Plankton
are found mainly within the tropical climate zone:
Coral reefs
are found in cold waters, such as California’s Monterey Bay:
Kelp forests
What are the levels of organization?
Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biome
What are the rivers zones?
Littoral
Limnethic
Benthic
What are the ocean zones?
Intertidal
Neritic
Bathyal
Abyssal
