Parcial Exam Of January

Question 0

They are made of RNA and it causes to plants and trees:

Answer 0

Viroids

Question 1

Any living organism or particle* that can cause an infectious disease:

Answer 1

Pathogen

Question 2

They are made of DNA and it causes to living things:

Answer 2

Viruses

Question 3

is an infectious particle made only of proteins:

Answer 3

Prions

Question 4

What is the measure of the viroids?

Answer 4

5-150 nm

Question 5

What is the measure of the viruses?

Answer 5

50-200 nm

Question 6

What is the mesure of the prions?

Answer 6

2-10 nm

Question 7

is made up of genetic material surrounded by a protein shell:

Answer 7

Capsid

Question 8

Layers of the viruses:

Answer 8

Nucleic acid
Capsid
Lipids

Question 9

are viruses that infect bacteria:

Answer 9

Bacteriophages

Question 10

breaking apart, of the host cell and release of new viral particles:

Answer 10

Lytic infection

Question 11

Does not destroy the host cell:

Answer 11

Lysogenic infection

Question 12

is the phage DNA inserted into the host cell’s DNA:

Answer 12

Prophage

Question 13

How many viruses cause the illness that we call the common cold?

Answer 13

200 viruses

Question 14

a substance that gets the body’s immune system to prepare a response against a virus:

Answer 14

Vaccine

Question 15

rapid outbreaks that affect many people:

Answer 15

Epidemics

Question 16

is often called the flu for short:

Answer 16

The influenza

Question 17

appeared in Asia in 2002:

Answer 17

SARS

Question 18

is a type of virus called a retrovirus:

Answer 18

HIV

Question 19

Type of prokaryotes that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen:

Answer 19

Obligate anaerobe

Question 20

What type of prokaryote needs oxygen to survive?

Answer 20

Obligate aerobe

Question 21

What type of prokaryote can survive whether or not oxygen is present?

Answer 21

Facultative aerobe

Question 22

is a small piece of DNA that replicates separately from the main chromosome:

Answer 22

Plasmid

Question 23

is a long structure outside of the cell that is used to move:

Answer 23

Flagellum

Question 24

Said the prokaryotes structure:

Answer 24

``` Pili Plasmid Chromosome Cell wall Plasma membrane Flagellum ```

Question 25

two or more bacterial cells can exchange DNA:

Answer 25

Conjugation

Question 26

is a specialized cell with a thick, protective wall that can survive drying out, temperature changes, and even disinfectants:

Answer 26

Endospore

Question 27

is a process that uses living things to break down pollutants:

Answer 27

Bioremediation

Question 28

are important parts of animal digestive systems:

Answer 28

Bacteria

Question 29

What ecosystems benefit the prokaryotes?

Answer 29

cycle carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and phosphorous through the environment.

Question 30

It benefit from a stable home and source of food?

Answer 30

The bacteria

Question 31

It benefits because the bacteria help break down foods and produce vitamins and other nutrients?

Answer 31

The host animal

Question 32

is a poison released by an organism:

Answer 32

Toxin

Question 33

are chemicals that kill or slow the growth of bacteria:

Answer 33

Antibiotics

Question 34

Three factors that have contributed to resistance:

Answer 34

Overuse Underuse Misuse

Question 35

Anytime antibiotics are used, there is a chance to select for resistant bacteria:

Answer 35

Overuse

Question 36

Antibiotics may make a person feel better after just one or two days:

Answer 36

Underuse

Question 37

A large portion of the antibiotics used in the United States are fed to livestock, such as cows, to increase their growth:

Answer 37

Misuse

Question 38

are heterotrophs—organisms that consume other organisms:

Answer 38

Animal-like Protists

Question 39

make their own food by photosynthesis just as plants do:

Answer 39

Plants-like Protists

Question 40

decompose dead organisms:

Answer 40

Fungus-like Protists

Question 41

four kingdoms within the domain Eukarya:

Answer 41

Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, and Protista.

Question 42

is often used informally to describe the many phyla of animal-like protists:

Answer 42

Protozoa

Question 43

which means “fake foot”:

Answer 43

Pseudopods

Question 44

are short, hairlike structures that cover some or all of the cell surface and help the organism swim and capture food:

Answer 44

Cilia