Review 3 Flashcards
rebellion
form of deviance likely to occur when new goals are substituted for more traditional ones, and also new means are undertaken to replace older one
by force/armed combat
social control theory
type of functionalist theory that suggests that deviance occurs when a person or group’s attachment to asocial bond is weakened
corporate crime
crime committed within the legitimate context of doing buisness
elite deviance
wrongdoing of wealthy and powerful indiciduals
white color crime
crime committed by people of high social positions in the course of their occupations
social control t
the process by which groups and individuals within them, are brought into conformity with the dominant social expectations
social control agants
those who regulate and administer the response to deviance
- like police or mental health workers
W.I Thomas
one of the early sociologists from the university of Chicago
- one of the first to develop a sociological perspective on social deviance
- explained deviance as a normal response to the social conditions in which people find themselves & delinquency is caused by the social disorganization brought on the slum like and urban industrialism
Differential association theory
type of symbolic interaction theory
- interprets deviance as learned behavior seen from others
status symbol
a possession that is taken to indicate a person’s wealth or high social or professional status
working poor
those who work at least 27 house a week but wages still fall below poverty line
lower class
displaced and poor
- have little education
- often unemployed or working in minimum wage jobs
lower middle class
-aka working class
-working in the skilled trades & low income bureaucratic, includes blue collar& service workers
sell their labor for wages (petty bourgeoisie or lumpenproletariat)
middle class
social class that consists of those who have moderate income
upper middle class
high income
- high prestige
- wel educatedprofesionals or excecutives
nouveau riche
new money to the upper class
upper class
own major share of corporate and personal wealth
layers of social class
upper upper middle middle lower middle lower
sedimentation of racial inequality
- melvin oliver & thomaas Shapiro
- even though discriminatory policies have ended , many continue and their effects persist
open class system
placement in the class system is based on individual achievement
closed class system
movement from ole class to another is virtually impossible
lumpenproletariat
those who have become necessary as workers and are then discarded
petty bourgeoisie
small business owners and managers who identify whith the interests of the capitalist class but do not own the means of production
capitalist class
wealthy who own the means of production and buy labor of the working class
class conflict
conflict between entire classes over the distribution of society’s wealth and power
multidimensional view
3 dimensions to stratification
- class/economics
- status/prestige
- party/power/political
defined by weber
wealth
total value of what one owns minus on’e debts
urban underclass
includes those who are likely to be permanently unemployed and w/out much means of economic support
- little to no opportunity for movement out of the poverty, m
- may become dependent on public assistance or illegal activities
Temporary Assistance for needy families (tanf)
stipulates a lifetime limit of 5 years for people to receive aid and requites all welfare recipients to find work within 2 years
-those who have not found jobs can be required to preform community service jobs for free
status attainment
process by which people end up in a given position in the stratification system
social status
a measure of class based on
- income
- education
- occupational prestige
social mobility
a person’s movement over time from one class to another
social class
social structure position groups hold relative to the economic social political cultural resources of society
prestige
values others assign to people and groups
poverty line
around of money needed to support the basic needs of a household as determined by government
net worth
amount of financial assets and subtracting debts
occupational prestige
subjective evaluation people five to job
meritocracy
a system in which one’s status is based on merit or accomplishments
median income
midpoint of all household incomes
life chances
the opportunities that people have in common by virtue of belonging to a particular class
income
amount of money received in a given period
feminization of poverty
large portion of poor are women and children
ideology
belief systems that support the status quo
false consciousness
class consciousness of subordinate classes who had internalized the view of the dominant class
educational attainment
total years of formal education
economic restructuring
referring to the decline of manufacturing jobs in the US,
transformation of the economy by technological change and the process of globalization
class system
stratification exists, but a person's placement in the class system can change according to personal achievements - class depends on achieved status
class consciousness
perception that a class structure exists along with a feeling of shared identification with others in the class
caste system
one’s place in the stratification system is an ascribed status
estate system
ownership of property and the exercise of power is monopolized by an elite who have total control over societal resources
bioterrorism
form of terrorism involving the dispersion of chemical or biological substances intended to cause disease and death
cyberterrorism
use of computer to commit terrorist act
status
a socially defined position in a group or society
social differentiation
process by which different statuses develop in any group, organization or society
social stratification
system of structured inequality
labeling theory
branch of symbolic interaction theory,
interprets the responses of others as the most significant factor in understanding how deviant behavior is sustained and created
label
assignment or attachment of a deviant identity to ap person by others
including agents and social institutions
recidivism
return to criminal activities
deviant identity
definition person has of one’s own deviant
stigma
an attribute that is socially devalued and discredited
some resume in being labeled deviant
index crimes
manslaughter murder rape robbery aggressive assult burglary
personal crimes
violent or non violent directed against people
-ex murder, rape, robbery
uniform crome reports
major source of info on patterns of crime and arrest w crimes classified as
- personal
- hate
- property
- victimless
victimless crimes
violate laws but not listed as a serious crime
-drug use
gambling
-prostitution
