Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is socialization?
process by which human beings lean the social expectations of society.
Why is socialization significant to society?
creates an expectations that are basis for people’s attitudes and behaviors
What are the agents of socialization
those who pass on social expectations. family is usually the first source of socialization
Peers
- important source of individual identity
- w/out it people don’t feel accepted
psychoanalytic theory
self driven by unconscious drives and forces that interact with the expectations of society
social learning theory
identity is a learned response to social stimuli like reward punishment and role models
Functionalism
socialization is key to social stability bc socialization establishes shared roles and values
conflict theory
socialization is context of inequality and power
Symbolic interaction theory
people are “constructing” the self as they interact with the environment and give meaning to their experiences
How did Charles Horton Cooley describe the process of symbolic interaction.
looking glass self
What are the stages George Herbert Mead described for child socialization
imitation
play
game
Is socialization a uniform process?
No
families, social class, ect. are all factors
Does socialization end during childhood?
No, but it is a significant time to form an identity
What are the results of devaluing old people?
age prejudice & age discrimination & age stratification
Resocialization
existing social roles are radically altered or replaced
adult socialization
process of learning new roles and expectations in adult life
age cohort
aggregate group of people born during the same time period
age stratification
hierarchy rank of age groups
anticipatory socialization
process of learning the expectations associated with a role one expects to enter in the future
game stage
when children become capable of taking a multitude of roles at the same time
Generalized other
abstract composite of social roles and expectation
identity
how one defines themselves
imitation stage
children copying behavior
Life course
connection between people’s personal attributes, roles accepted, life events and historical context of those events
Looking glass self
idea that people’s conception of self arises through reflection about their relationship to others
Peers
those of similar status
personality
cluster of needs drives, attitudes, predispositions, feelings, and beliefs that characterize a given person
play stage
children begin to take on the roles of people in their environment
self
concept of who we are formed in relationship to others
self concept
an individual’s image and evaluations of themselves
social control
individuals are brought into conformity with social expectations of a given group
