Chapter 5 Flashcards
Society
system of social interaction that includes culture & social organization
Social institution
established organized social behavior
Social structure
patterned relationships within a society
Emilie Durkhiem
“society is held together by mechanical solidarity, and organic solidarity.
mechanical solidarity
based on individual similarity
organic solidarity
based on division of labor
Gemeinschaft
a form of social organization,
- German = “Community”
- a sense of common feeling among the members of a society, including personal ties,
- characterized by friendship and loyalties
gesellschaft
- a form of social organization
- remember “society”
- characterized by complexity and differentiation
importance is placed on secondary relationships bc they are more instrumental
Types of societies from lease to most complex
Foraging Pastoral Horticultural agriculture (all above constitute preindustrial societies) industrial postindustrial
all forms of social interaction in society are shaped by
the structure of its social institutions
group
collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals & norms, and have a subjective awareness of themselves as a distinct social unit
status
hierarchy position in structure
role
behavior others expect from a persons associated with a particular status
social construction of reality
imposing meaning and reality on out interactions with others
impression management
a person “gives off” a particular impression to “con”
cyberspace interaction
create a virtual self
achieved statuses
a status attained by effort
ascribed statuses
a status determined at birth
collective consciousness
body of beliefs that are common to a community or society and that give people a sense of belonging
division of labor
systematic interrelation of different tastes that develop in complex society
impression management
people attempt to control how others perceive them
Macroanalysis
analysis of the whole of society
how it is organized & how it changes
master status
a characteristic that overrides all other features of their identity
mechanical solidarity
unity based on similarity of roles
microanalysis
analysis of the smallest most visible part of society, like people interacting
organic/contractual solidarity
unity based on role differences
postindustrial society
economically dependent on production & distribution o services
preindustrial society
uses, modifies, and/or tills land as a major means of survival
role conflict
2 or more roles associated with contradictory expectations
role modeling
imitation of the behavior of an admired other
role set
all roles occupied by a person at any time
role strain
conflicting expectations within the same role
social institution
an established & organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose
Social order
order established in social groups
society
system of social interaction, typically within geographical boundaries, culture & social organizations
status
an established position in a social structure that carries with a it a degree of prestige
status inconsistency
exists when the different statuses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige
status set
complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time
