Chapter 5

Question 1

Society

Answer 1

system of social interaction that includes culture & social organization

Question 2

Social institution

Answer 2

established organized social behavior

Question 3

Social structure

Answer 3

patterned relationships within a society

Question 4

Emilie Durkhiem

Answer 4

“society is held together by mechanical solidarity, and organic solidarity.

Question 5

mechanical solidarity

Answer 5

based on individual similarity

Question 6

organic solidarity

Answer 6

based on division of labor

Question 7

Gemeinschaft

Answer 7

a form of social organization,

• German = “Community”
• a sense of common feeling among the members of a society, including personal ties,
• characterized by friendship and loyalties

Question 8

gesellschaft

Answer 8

• a form of social organization
• remember “society”
• characterized by complexity and differentiation
  importance is placed on secondary relationships bc they are more instrumental

Question 9

Types of societies from lease to most complex

Answer 9

Foraging
Pastoral
Horticultural
agriculture 
(all above constitute preindustrial societies)
industrial
postindustrial

Question 10

all forms of social interaction in society are shaped by

Answer 10

the structure of its social institutions

Question 11

group

Answer 11

collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals & norms, and have a subjective awareness of themselves as a distinct social unit

Question 12

status

Answer 12

hierarchy position in structure

Question 13

role

Answer 13

behavior others expect from a persons associated with a particular status

Question 14

social construction of reality

Answer 14

imposing meaning and reality on out interactions with others

Question 15

impression management

Answer 15

a person “gives off” a particular impression to “con”

Question 16

cyberspace interaction

Answer 16

create a virtual self

Question 17

achieved statuses

Answer 17

a status attained by effort

Question 18

ascribed statuses

Answer 18

a status determined at birth

Question 19

collective consciousness

Answer 19

body of beliefs that are common to a community or society and that give people a sense of belonging

Question 20

division of labor

Answer 20

systematic interrelation of different tastes that develop in complex society

Question 21

impression management

Answer 21

people attempt to control how others perceive them

Question 22

Macroanalysis

Answer 22

analysis of the whole of society

how it is organized & how it changes

Question 23

master status

Answer 23

a characteristic that overrides all other features of their identity

Question 24

mechanical solidarity

Answer 24

unity based on similarity of roles

Question 25

microanalysis

Answer 25

analysis of the smallest most visible part of society, like people interacting

Question 26

organic/contractual solidarity

Answer 26

unity based on role differences

Question 27

postindustrial society

Answer 27

economically dependent on production & distribution o services

Question 28

preindustrial society

Answer 28

uses, modifies, and/or tills land as a major means of survival

Question 29

role conflict

Answer 29

2 or more roles associated with contradictory expectations

Question 30

role modeling

Answer 30

imitation of the behavior of an admired other

Question 31

role set

Answer 31

all roles occupied by a person at any time

Question 32

role strain

Answer 32

conflicting expectations within the same role

Question 33

social institution

Answer 33

an established & organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose

Question 34

Social order

Answer 34

order established in social groups

Question 35

society

Answer 35

system of social interaction, typically within geographical boundaries, culture & social organizations

Question 36

status

Answer 36

an established position in a social structure that carries with a it a degree of prestige

Question 37

status inconsistency

Answer 37

exists when the different statuses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige

Question 38

status set

Answer 38

complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time