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Intro to Soc > LM03 > Flashcards

LM03 Flashcards

1
Q

society

A

a system of social interaction that includes both culture and social organization

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2
Q

social interaction

A

behavior between 2 or more people that is given meaning

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3
Q

sui generis

A

of its own kind or class, unique

- used by Emile Durkheim

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4
Q

macroanalysis

A

looking at past complex & highly differentiated patters of social interaction,

  • a sociological approach,
  • broadcast view of society
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5
Q

microanalysis

A

studies small, less complex, & less differentiated social interactions
- sociological approach

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6
Q

social organization

A

are used by sociologists to describe the established order in social groups

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7
Q

social institution

A

an established and organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose

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8
Q

Functional theorists identified the needs of society as

A
  1. the socialization of new members of society
  2. the production and distribution of goods and services
  3. replacement of society’s members
  4. maintenance of stability and existence
  5. providing the members w. an ultimate sense of purpose
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9
Q

social structure

A

organized pattern of social relationships and social institutions that together compose society

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10
Q

collective consciousness

A

body of beliefs common to a community of a society that give people a sense of belonging & a feeling of moral obligation to its demands and values

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11
Q

mechanical solidarity

A
  • unity felt as a result of performing the same or similar tasks
  • term coined by Emilie Durkheim
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12
Q

Organic Solidarity

A
  • independence that results from the division of labor

- term coined by Emilie Durkheim

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13
Q

division of labor

A

relatedness of different tasks that develop in complex societies

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14
Q

gemeINshaft

A
  • German for community
    -sense of “we”feeling, moderate division of labor,
    strong personal ties,
    strong family relationships
    sense of personal loyalty
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15
Q

geSELLschaft

A
  • German for society
    -consists of an increasing importance placed on the secondary relationships
    (work over family)
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16
Q

types of societies

A

preindustrial society
industrial society
postindustrial society

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17
Q

Theories about analyzing social interaction

A
  1. social construction of reality
    2 ethnomethodogy
  2. impress management and dramaturgy
  3. social exchange and game theory
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18
Q

preindustrial society

A

society that directly uses, modifies and or tills the land as major means of survival

  • foraging societies
  • pastoral societies
  • horticultural societies
  • agricultural societies
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19
Q

Foraging Society

A
  • economic base: hunting & foraging

- role differentiation based on gender

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20
Q

Pastoral society

A
  • economic base: domestication of animals
  • endless searches for fresh grazing grounds
  • role: differentiation based on gender
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21
Q

horticultural societies

A
  • economic base: hand tools used on land
  • practice ancestor worship and conceive of a deity or deities as creators
  • establish relatively permanent settlements and villages
  • role differentiation: farmer, trader, craftsperson
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22
Q

agricultural society

A

-economic system that relies on large scale farming using plows harnessed to animals creates a rigid caste system

23
Q

industrial society

A

society that uses machines and other advanced technologies to produce and distribute goods and services

24
Q

family wage economy

A

families become dependent on wages to support themselves but work within the family is unpaid therefore increasingly devalued

25
Q

postindustrial society

A

info based societies where technology plays a vital role in social organizations

26
Q

group

A
  • interact & communicate w each other
  • share goals & norms
  • have subject awareness of themselves as “we “ in a unit
27
Q

Social categories

A

people sharing common characteristics

  • race
  • gender
28
Q

status

A

established position in social structure that carries a degree or prestige with them

29
Q

status set

A

complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time

30
Q

status inconsistency

A

excise where the statuses occupied by a person bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige and thus differing expectation

31
Q

achieved status

A

attained by virtue of individual effort

32
Q

ascribed status

A

occupied form the moment a person is born

33
Q

passing

A

presenting yourself as a member of a different racial or ethnic group that the one born into

34
Q

master status

A

dom. status that overrides all other features of the person’s identity

35
Q

role

A

behavior others expect form a person associated with a particular status

36
Q

role modeling

A

process where we imitate the behavior of someone we like in a particular role

37
Q

role set

A

all roles occupied at any given time

38
Q

role conflict

A

conflict between roles connected to 2 or more statuses

39
Q

role strain

A

tension among roles connected to a single status

40
Q

Nonvirbal communication

A
  • form of social interaction and can be seen in various social patterns
  • influenced by social forces
  • meanings of nonverbal communication depending heavily on race, ethnicity , social class, and gender
41
Q

tactile communication

A

communicating through touching,

strongly influenced by gender

42
Q

proxemic communication

A

around of space between interacting people

43
Q

imprinting

A

phenomenon seen in newborn animals who attach themselves to the first living creature they encounter, even if its another species

44
Q

mere exposure effect

A

the more you see someone, in person or photograph, the more you like him or her

45
Q

social construction of reality

A

idea that our perception of what is real is determined by the subjective meaning that we attribute to an experience,
a principle central to symbolic interaction

46
Q

definition of the situation

A

when we observe the context in which we find ourselves, then adjust out attitudes and perceptions accordingly
(perceptions of reality are determined by this)

47
Q

ethnomethodology

A

deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy

48
Q

background expectations

A

norms for behavior that they carry with them into situations of interaction

49
Q

impression management

A

precess which people control how others perceive them

50
Q

dramaturgy model

A

a way of analyzing interaction that assumes the participants are actors on a stage in the drama of everyday social life

51
Q

restore face

A

elimination conditions causing embarrassment

52
Q

social exchange model

A

interactions are determined by the rewards or punishments that we receive from others

53
Q

social profit

A

reward exceeds the punishment then the interaction will likely continue.

Intro to Soc (14 decks)

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