Review 3 Flashcards
Sensorimotor
Birth–2 years
Development of object permanence
the awareness that objects—and people— continue to exist even if they are out of sight.
Preoperational
2–7 years
egocentric thinking
a way of thinking in which the child views the world entirely from his or her own perspective.
Concrete operational
7–12 years
Development of conservation
which is knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects.
Formal operational
12 years–adulthood
Development of logical, abstract and formal thinking
Lawrence Kohlberg states
people pass through a series of stages in the evolution of their sense of justice and their moral reasoning.
Level 1 mortality
Preconventional morality
At this level, the concrete interests of the individual are considered in terms of rewards and punishments.
Level 2
Conventional morality
At this level, people approach moral problems as members of society. They are interested in pleasing others by acting as good members of society.
Level 3
Postconventional morality
At this level, people use moral principles which are seen as broader than those of any particular society.
adolescent egocentrism
a state of intense self-focus in which a teenager views the world from their own point of view.
Unconditional positive regard
refers to an attitude of acceptance
and respect on the part of an observer, no matter what a person
says or does).
Unconditional positive regard gives people the opportunity to evolve
and grow both cognitively and emotionally and to develop more
realistic self-concepts
In contrast, conditional positive regard
Others withdraw their love and acceptance if you do something of
which they don’t approve, resulting in discrepancy between your true
self and what others wish you would be, leading to anxiety and
frustration.
