Review (2 - combined)

Question 1

Elders

Answer 1

“Elders are the knowledge keepers of our lands, traditions, spirituality, and culture.

They are pillars in our communities, they are our teachers and guides.

Question 1

Kübler-Ross

Answer 1

Those facing impending
death move through five broad stages:

1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

Question 2

Denial

Answer 2

In this stage, people resist the idea that they are dying. Even if told that their chances for survival are small, they refuse to admit that they are facing death.

Question 3

Anger

Answer 3

At this stage, dying people become angry.

(Angry at people around them who are in good health, angry at medical professionals for being ineffective, angry at God).

Question 4

Bargaining

Answer 4

At this stage, the dying try to think of ways to postpone death

(They may decide to dedicate their lives to religion if God saves them; they may say, “If only I can live to see my son married, I will accept death then”).

Question 5

Depression

Answer 5

When dying people come to feel that bargaining is of no use, they move to the next stage which is depression.

(They realize that their lives really are coming to an end, leading to what Kübler-Ross calls “preparatory grief” for their own death).

Question 5

Acceptance

Answer 5

In this last stage, people accept impending death.

(Usually they are unemotional and uncommunicative; it is as if they have made peace with themselves and are expecting death with no bitterness).

Question 6

Emotions

Answer 6

are feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behaviour.

Question 7

Emotions act to:

Answer 7

Prepare us for action

Shape our future behaviour:

Help us to interact more effectively with others

Question 8

Trait theory

Answer 8

model of personality that seeks to identify the basic traits necessary to describe personality.

Question 9

Traits are

Answer 9

consistent personality characteristics and behaviours displayed in different situations.

Question 10

Reflexes

Answer 10

are unlearned, involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stimuli:

Question 11

Rooting reflex

Answer 11

Causes neonates to turn their heads toward things that touch their cheeks (Ex. the mother’s nipple).

Question 12

Sucking reflex

Answer 12

Prompts the infant to suck at things that touch their lips.

Question 13

Gag reflex

Answer 13

Clearing of throat.

Question 14

Startle reflex

Answer 14

A series of movements in which the infant flings out their arms, fans their fingers, and arches their back in response to a sudden noise.

Question 15

Babinski reflex

Answer 15

The baby’s toes fan out when the outer edge of the sole of their
foot is stroked.

Question 16

Transgender

Answer 16

Someone whose gender identity does not match their sex assignment at birth; inclusive of non-binary
identities.

Question 17

Cisgender

Answer 17

or cis refers to the majority group who identify psychologically with their biological sex.

Question 18

Motivation

Answer 18

are The factors that direct and energize the behaviour
of humans and other organisms.

Question 19

Motivation has

Answer 19

biological, cognitive, and social aspects, and the complexity of the concept has led psychologists to develop a variety of approaches.

Question 20

All motivation approaches

Answer 20

seek to explain the energy that guides people’s behaviour in particular directions.

Question 21

Securely attached children

Answer 21

explore independently but returning to their
mother occasionally, exhibit distress when she leaves, and go to her when
she returns.

Question 22

Avoidant children

Answer 22

do not cry when the mother leaves, seem to avoid her
when she returns, as if they were indifferent to her.

Question 23

Ambivalent children

Answer 23

display anxiety before separation and are upset
when the mother leaves, but they may show ambivalent reactions to her
return.

Question 24

Disorganized-disoriented children

Answer 24

show inconsistent, often
contradictory behaviour.

Question 25

Members of the Navajo Nation

Answer 25

observe a four-day prescribed period of mourning, after which the name of the deceased is no longer spoken, to allow their soul to journey freely.