review Flashcards
What key change marked the Neolithic Revolution?
Shift to agriculture and permanent settlements.
What invention marks the end of the Neolithic?
Writing (~3500 BCE)
What was Socrates’ belief about the world?
The material world is imperfect; the realm of forms is perfect.
Who developed a system of classification?
Aristotle
What was the major center for translation and science in the Islamic world?
House of Wisdom, Baghdad
What innovation was introduced during the Song Dynasty?
Gunpowder, printing, spinning machines
Who proposed the heliocentric model?
Copernicus
Who laid the groundwork for the scientific method?
Bacon and Descartes
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Exchange of crops, animals, and diseases between Old and New Worlds
What did Jesuit scientists do in China?
Translated works and promoted astronomy
What was the goal of the Encyclopédie?
To spread universal knowledge and promote progress
What role did salons play?
They were social spaces for discussing science and ideas
What powered the First Industrial Revolution?
Steam and coal
What did the Second Industrial Revolution emphasize?
Mass production, standardization, and new energy sources
Who is the father of taxonomy?
Linnaeus
What was Darwin’s main idea?
Natural selection drives evolution
What made WWI the ‘Chemist’s War’?
Use of chemical weapons
What was the Manhattan Project?
A secret U.S. project to develop nuclear weapons during WWII
What was MAD?
Mutual Assured Destruction – the nuclear standoff logic
What was ARPANET?
A precursor to the modern internet, funded by the U.S. military
