Retroperitoneal Space And Structures

Question 1

What is retroperitoneal space?

Answer 1

The space between the posterior abdominal wall and the parietal peritoneum of the abdomen

Question 2

Muscles of the Retroperitoneal space

Answer 2

Posts, quadratus lumborum, and transversus abdominis

Question 3

Borders of the Retroperitoneal space

Answer 3

Behind the parietal peritoneum

In front of the posterior abdominal wall

Below the 12th thoracic vertebrae/rib

Above the sacrum/iliac crests

Question 4

What is the retroperitoneum?

Answer 4

Part of the abdominal cavity that lies between the posterior parietal peritoneum and anterior to the tranversalis fascia

Question 5

The retroperitoneum is divided by:

Answer 5

Perirenal fascia

Question 6

Divisions of the retroperitoneum

Answer 6

1. Anterior para-renal space
2. Peri-renal space
3. Posterior para-renal space

Question 7

Structures of the Retroperitoneal Space

Answer 7

SAD PUCKER

Question 8

Of the aorta and inferior vena cava, what is the difference in length and why?

Answer 8

Due to the shape of the diaphragm, the Inferior Vena Cava has a longer path than the Aorta

Question 9

Each kidney gives rise to _______ that runs vertically downward on top of the ______ ___________

Answer 9

Ureter, psoas muscle

Question 10

Which kidney lies higher than the other?

Answer 10

Left kidney lies slightly higher than the right, due to the smaller size of the left side of the liver

Question 11

Diaphragm blood supply

Answer 11

Internal thoracic arteries

• Pericardiophrenic artery
• Musculophrenic artery

Superior phrenic arteries (from the thoracic aorta)

Lower internal intercostal arteries

Question 12

Diaphragm nerve supply

Answer 12

Phrenic nerve (for breathing)

Passes motor information and receives sensory information

Question 13

Diaphragm interfaces

Answer 13

Caval opening: Inferior vena cava

Esophageal hiatus: Esophagus

Aortic hiatus: Descending Aorta

Gaps for Psoas Major: Insertion for Psoas Muscles

Question 14

What is the aortic bifurcation?

Answer 14

Where the aorta divides into common iliac

Question 15

What is the iliac bifurcation?

Answer 15

Where it dvides into external and internal iliac

Question 16

External iliac passes under ________ ______ upon entering leg and right after bifurcation of internal and external iliac.

Answer 16

Inguinal canal

Question 17

3 anterior visceral branches of the Aorta

Answer 17

Celiac artery, superior Mesenteric artery, and inferior Mesenteric artery

Question 18

3 later visceral branches of the aorta

Answer 18

Suprarenal artery, renal artery, and testicular/ovarian artery

Question 19

5 lateral abdominal wall branches of the aorta

Answer 19

Inferior phrenic artery and 4 lumbar arteries

Question 20

3 terminal branches of the aorta

Answer 20

Two common iliac arteries and the median sacral artery

Question 21

2 anterior visceral tributaries of the Vena Cava

Answer 21

Hepatic veins

Question 22

3 lateral visceral tributaries of the inferior vena cava

Answer 22

Right suprarenal veins, renal veins, and right testicular or ovarian vein

Question 23

5 lateral abdominal wall tributaries of the inferior vena cava

Answer 23

Inferior phrenic vein and 4 lumbar veins

Question 24

3 veins of origin of the inferior vena cava

Answer 24

2 common iliac veins and the median sacral vein

Question 25

Lymphatic system of the Deep Abdomen

Answer 25

Thoracic Duct to Cysterna Chyli

Question 26

One of the main nervous pathways supplying the lower limb, formed in the psoas muscle

Answer 26

Lumbar plexus

Question 27

Lumbar plexus is formed from the ____ rami of the _____ ______ ________ ______ nerves.

Answer 27

Anterior, upper four lumbar spinal

Question 28

What four nerves emerge to form the lumbar plexus?

Answer 28

Iliohypogastric nerve, iliolingual nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, and femoral nerve

Question 29

Supplies the skin of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 29

Iliohypogastric

Question 30

Supplies the skin of the groin and the scrotum/labium majus Passes through the Inguinal canal

Answer 30

Ilioinguinal nerve

Question 31

Crosses the iliac fossa in front of the iliac us muscle Supplies skin over the lateral surface of the thigh

Answer 31

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Question 32

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus Supplies the iliacus muscle

Answer 32

Femoral nerve

Question 33

Branches of the lumbar plexus

Answer 33

Obturator nerve and genitofemoral nerve

Question 34

Innervates inner thigh muscles

Answer 34

Obturator nerve

Question 35

Innervated the cremaster muscle, and innervates a small area of the skin of inner thigh

Answer 35

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 36

Where is the right sympathetic trunk in the abdomen?

Answer 36

Lies behind the right border of the inferior vena cava

Question 37

Where is the left sympathetic trunk in the abdomen?

Answer 37

Lies close to the left border of the aorta

Question 38

Aortic plexus

Answer 38

A plexus of nerves around the abdominal part of the aorta Celiac, renal, superior Mesenteric, inferior Mesenteric